Chemistry And Cells

Question 1

Ions

Answer 1

An atom/group of atoms with electrical charge

Question 2

Cation

Answer 2

Ion with positive charge

Question 3

Anion

Answer 3

Ion with negative charge

Question 4

How are ions formed?

Answer 4

When an election is lost or gained
(Losing an electron = cation; Gaining an electron = anion)

Question 5

What’s an electrolyte?

Answer 5

Ions dissolved in water that conduct electric currents

Question 6

Electrolyte imbalance

Answer 6

Blood concentration of the electrolyte becomes too high or too low

Question 7

Ionic bond

Answer 7

Cations and anions bind together using electrostatic interactions

Question 8

Covalent bond

Answer 8

Electrons are shared between two atoms

Question 9

Nonpolar vs. polar covalent bonds

Answer 9

Nonpolar = electrons are equally shared
Polar = electrons are unequally shared

Question 10

Molecule

Answer 10

Two or more atoms bonded together

Question 11

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 11

Weak intermolecular attraction between polar molecules

Question 12

inorganic vs organic molecules

Answer 12

inorganic = molecules without carbon
organic = contains carbon

Question 13

examples of organic molecules

Answer 13

macromolecules
- lipids
- nucleic acids
- carbohydrates
- proteins

Question 14

neutralization

Answer 14

acidic/basic solution becomes neutral; adding base to acid, or adding acid to base

Question 15

buffer

Answer 15

something that prevents pH change

Question 16

Solution

Answer 16

Homogenous mixture where the dissolved substance is small