Chemisrty test 2 Flashcards
The basic unit of life
Atom
Positive charge
Proton
No charge
Neutron
Negative charge
Electron
the positively charged central core of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing nearly all its mass.
Nucleus
The experiment where protons were discovered. Positively charged nucleus and surrounded by orbiting electrons
Gold foil experiment
The expermiment where an electron was discovered. Atoms made of electrons flow in positive particles
Cathode ray
Who invented the cathode ray?
JJ tompson
a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an object, substance, or region.
Electrode
The experiment where the charge and mass of all electrons was discovered
Oil drop experiment
Who invented the oil drop experiment?
Robert Milikan
an attractive and repulsive force between particles are caused due to their electric charges
Electrostatic force
a force of attraction (attractive force) that attracts all physical forms having mass
Gravitational force
The unit of mass for an atom
Atomic mass unit
The mass of an atom
Atomic mass
the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
Mass number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic number
an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Ion
Each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei
Isotope
The experiment where it was discovered that electrons are orbiting at very specific distances from the nucleus.
Bohr model
The rule that determines where the electrons go on the energy levels
2,8,8
Where the electrons are located
Energy level
The release of radioactive substances
Radioactive emission
The particle that is made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Has a mass number of 4 and a charge of 2+.
Alpha particles
The particle that is made of electrons. Has a mass numver of 0 and a charge of -1.
Beta particles
The particle that is made of high energy photon with a short wavelength
Gamma radiation
The original unstable radioactive isotope
Parent element
The remaining nuclide left over from radioactive decay.
Daughter element
Radioactive isotopes of an element.
Radioisotope
The time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value.
Half-life
A theory of the nature of matter:
Atomic theory
A thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
Compund
The measure of the average amount of a given isotope naturally occurring on Earth.
Natural abundance
The difference between estimated value and the actual value
Percent error
A sequence of radioactive decay processes
Chain of decay
