Chem RxNs Flashcards
DECOMP CARBONATE
Metal oxide and CO2
DECOMP HYDROXIDE
Metal oxide and h2O
What is COMPLETE COMBUSTION
EXCESS OXYGEN = CO2 AND H2O
What is INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
You can’t balance it (limited oxygen) carbon (suds), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water
DECOMP HYDROXIDE
Metal oxide and water
DECOMP CHLORATE
Metal chloride and oxygen gas
DECOMP OXIDE
Metal and O2
Types of Synthesis Reactions (4)
- A + B = compound
- MetalO + H2O = base
- Non-MetO + H2O = oxoacid
- MO + N-MO = oxosalt
metal oxide and water synthesizes to produce?
a base
non-metal oxide and water synthesizes to produce?
an oxoacid
a non-metal oxide and a metal oxide synthesizes to produce?
an oxosalt
how do you know a compound is a base, oxoacid, oxosalt
- Metal Oxide (MO) + H2O = base
- non-MO + H2O = oxoacid
- MO + non-MO = oxosalt
What does the law of conservation of mass state?
Mass of reactants = mass of products
This law implies that in a closed system, matter cannot be created or destroyed.
What is a skeleton equation?
An equation showing the formulas of the elements/compounds without indicating the number of molecules involved (balanced chem equs do that)
eg. K(s) + O2(g) → K2O(s).
What do coefficients in a chemical equation represent?
The number of molecules of each compound present in the reaction
Which elements are considered diatomic? (acronym)
HOFBrINCl
What is the purpose of balancing chemical equations?
To ensure the number of each atom is the same on both sides of the equation
This upholds the law of conservation of mass.
What is the balanced equation for the combustion of methane?
CH4 + 2 O2 → 2 H2O + CO2
How do you balance HYDROCARBONS?
Use the fraction technique aka put the oxygen coeff as the same number as the total oxygen on the other side, and write it over 2. then divide EVERYTHING by 2 to balance it all out
What are the 2 results that will happen when balancing hydrocarbons
will either balance PERFECTLY, or you have to use the fraction technique
What is the evidence if chemical rxns? (4)
Temp change, bubbles form, precipitate forms, colour change
Define exothermic and endothermic
Exo = releases outward heat (combustion)
Endo = absorbs hear and cools surroundings (melting ice)
What do acids produce when dissolved in water
Hydrogen ions!
What do bases produce when dissolved in water?
Hydroxide (OH) ions!
Traits of acids? (5)
Sour, water soluable, reacts w/ metals, conducts electricity, corrosive
Traits of bases? (5)
Bitter, water soluable, reacts with skin, conducts electricity, slippery
List the 3 notable numbers on the pH scale. Why are they notable?
0, 7, 14.
0-6.9 is ACIDIC
7 is neutral
7.1-14 is BASIC
Why is ingesting barium sulfate for medical x-ray safe to do?
Barium is insoluble. The internal organs will not absorb or dissolve it.
What makes a double displacement reaction have no reaction?
both products are aqueous
