CHD

Question 1

Goal of most CHD repair

Answer 1

Early repair

Question 2

Categories of feasibility of CHD repair

Answer 2

1 no reasonable palliation and repair as only option
2 repair not possible and palliation as only option
3 repaired or palliated

Question 3

Drives the closure of ASD postnatally

Answer 3

Inc L atrial pressure

Question 4

Most prevalent type of ASD

Answer 4

Secundum defect 80%
Ostium primum
Sinus venosus 5-10%

Question 5

ASDs are closed in children between ages

Answer 5

4 and 5

but may also be done earlier

Question 6

In equivocal cases, closure of ASD is determined by

Answer 6

Ratio of Qp:Qp > 1.5:1

Question 7

Pulmonary HTN in ASD is inoperable if

Answer 7

PVR is > 12

Question 8

Closure of ASD is accomplished by

Answer 8

1 primary repair
2 patch

cardiopulmonary by pass midline sternotomy

Question 9

Most frequent immediate complication of ASD repair

Answer 9

1 postpericardiotomy syndrome

2 atrial arrhythmia

Question 10

Critically stenotic aortic valve in neonate are

Answer 10

Unicommisural 59%

Bicommisural 40%

Question 11

Dictates type of repair in aortic stenosis

Answer 11

Degree of LV hypoplasia

Question 12

Therapy threshold for aortic stenosis

Answer 12

Transvalvular gradient of 50mmHg assoc with symptoms: syncope, angina, CHF

50-75mmHg with ECG evidence of LV strain ischemia

Question 13

Procedure of choice to reduce transvalvular gradient in AS

Palliative only to relieve LVOT but will require further intervention in 10 years

Answer 13

Baloon valvotomy

Catheter more than open

Question 14

Potential complication of aortic valvotomy

Answer 14

aortic regurgitation

Question 15

Closure is indicated for persistent PDA bec of risk for

Answer 15

Endocarditis

Question 16

Tx for PDA in premature infants

Answer 16

Indomethacin

Ibuprofen

Question 17

Tx for term infants with PDA

Answer 17

Ligation or closure mechanical