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Health > Chatper 6.5 > Flashcards

Chatper 6.5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are diseases that occur when the immune system attacks the body?

A

autoimmune disease

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2
Q

What are diseases in which symptoms are caused by mental or emotional factors rather than physical problems?

A

psychosomatic disease

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3
Q

What is a condition in which a person is preoccupied with the idea that he has a serious or rare disease when in fact, there is nothing physically wrong?

A

hypochondriasis

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4
Q

What is a common deficiency disease among young women which results from a shortage of iron in the diet?

A

anemia

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5
Q

What is a childhood deficiency disease that is caused by insufficient protein in the diet?

A

kwashiorkor

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6
Q

What is a common problem that can lead to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and many other disorders?

A

obesity

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7
Q

What does the prefix con- mean?

A

with

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8
Q

What does the word genus mean?

A

birth

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9
Q

What does an- mean?

A

without

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10
Q

What does the suffix -hemia or -emia mean?

A

condition of the blood

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11
Q

What does the prefix psycho- mean?

A

mind

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12
Q

What does the root soma mean?

A

body

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13
Q

What does the suffix -iasis mean?

A

diseased condition

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14
Q

What does the prefix carcino- refer to?

A

cancer

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15
Q

What does the suffix -oma mean?

A

tumor

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16
Q

What does the prefix sarc- or sarco- mean?

A

flesh

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17
Q

What does the prefix myel- of myelo- mean?

A

bone marrow

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18
Q

What is a condition that results from the runaway growth of the body’s own cells?

A

cancer

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19
Q

What are three main causes of cancer?

A
  • Hereditary genetic defects
  • Smoking or drug abuse
  • Obesity or poor diet choices
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20
Q

What type of cancer results from mutations in the cells that line body surfaces, cavities, and ducts?

A

carcinomas

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21
Q

What type of cancer develops from mutant cells in the body’s connective tissue?

A

sarcomas

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22
Q

What type of cancer develops within lymph nodes from mutant lymphocytes or lymphatic tissue?

A

lymphomas

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23
Q

What type of cancer results when mutant, immature leukocytes are produced in the bone marrow and enter the blood stream in large numbers?

A

leukemias

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24
Q

What is a mass of rapidly reproducing cells?

A

tumor

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25
Q

What means that a tumor is not cancerous?

A

benign

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26
Q

What does it mean when a tumor undergoes additional malfunctions that allow cells to leave the tumor and spread through the body?

A

malignant

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27
Q

What is any condition that hinders a person from performing ordinary activities?

A

disability

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28
Q

What are the three general guidelines that you should follow when interacting with a disabled person?

A
  • Do not underestimate a disabled person
  • Give a disabled person the same courtesy you would give to anyone else
  • Respect a disabled person’s independence
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29
Q

What is a person said to be when they lose the use of their legs?

A

paraplegic

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30
Q

What is a person said to be when the lose the use of their legs and arms?

A

quadriplegic

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31
Q

What are devices that amplify sounds too faint for a hearing-impaired person to detect?

A

hearing aids

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32
Q

What is a device that translates sound waves into electrical impulses that are sent to the cochlea through a wire?

A

cochlear implant

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33
Q

What type of diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States?

A

Cardiovascular diseases

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34
Q

What is a condition in which the resting blood pressure is 140/90 or higher?

A

hypertension

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35
Q

What is the amount of force that blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels?

A

blood pressure

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36
Q

What type of doctor treats diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system?

A

cardiologist

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37
Q

What are four ways to prevent or treat hypertension?

A

-eating a healthful diet
- losing excess weight
- exercising regularly
- avoiding the use of tobacco

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38
Q

What means “hardening of the arteries” that involves a gradual degeneration of the artery walls, causing them to become stiff and hard?

A

arteriosclerosis

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39
Q

What is one of the most common forms of arteriosclerosis which occurs when fatty deposits build up in the inner walls of blood vessels?

A

atherosclerosis

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40
Q

What is a thick layer that years of buildep can form and interferes with the flow of blood through an artery?

A

plaque

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41
Q

What occurs when atherosclerosis occurs in the coronary arteries?

A

coronary artery disease

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42
Q

What occurs when a portion of the heart muscle may be completely deprived of oxygen and nutrients?

A

myocardial infarction

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43
Q

What means “pain in the chest” that is a classic symptom of coronary artery disease?

A

anigna pectoris

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44
Q

What is a chemical that can cause temporary relief of angina by dilating the coronary arteries to allow extra blood to pass through to the heart muscle?

A

nitroglycerin

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45
Q

What is a myocardial infarction more commonly known as?

A

a heart attack

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46
Q

What is any condition in which the normal rhythm of the heart is impaired?

A

arrythmia

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47
Q

What is the most serious arrythmia that is a condition in which the heart ceases to beat and instead quivers randomly?

A

ventricular fibrillation

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48
Q

What is a condition that occurs when the heart is too weak to maintain normal blood circulation?

A

congestive heart failure

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49
Q

What is the prefix that refers to the arteries?

A

arterio-

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50
Q

What is the prefix that means “hard”?

A

sclero-

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51
Q

What is the term that refers to the heart?

A

coronary

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52
Q

What do the prefixes my- or myo- refer to?

A

muscles

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53
Q

What is the prefix that refers to the heart?

A

cardio-

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54
Q

What is the term that refers to the death of an area of tissue due to insufficient blood supply?

A

infarction

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55
Q

What occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or becomes clogged, interrupting the supply of oxygen-rick blood to the brain?

A

stroke

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56
Q

What is another name for a stroke?

A

cerebrovascular accident

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57
Q

What is a stationary blood clot that forms in a blood vessel?

A

thrombus

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58
Q

What is a piece of a blood clot or other debris that floats through the bloodstream and become lodged in a vessel?

A

embolus

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59
Q

What involves a thrombus that forms in a brain artery, cutting off the flow of blood to a part of the brain?

A

cerebral thrombosis

60
Q

What involves an embolus that lodges in a cerebral artery and blocks it?

A

cerebral embolism

61
Q

What is a weak spot that causes that portion of the artery to balloon outward?

A

aneurysm

62
Q

What is severe bleeding in the brain that is caused if an aneurysm in the brain bursts?

A

cerebral hemorrhage

63
Q

What does the term “derm” refer to?

A

the skin

64
Q

What is the prefix that refers to an inflammation?

A

-itis

65
Q

What does the suffix -pathy mean?

A

“disease”

66
Q

What type of doctor treats skin diseases and disorders?

A

dermatologist

67
Q

What is an inflammation of the skin’s sebaceous glands which ordinarily produce sebum to help keep the skin soft and moist?

A

achne

68
Q

What is a condition that may occur when the feet are infected by a yeast fungus?

A

athlete’s foot

69
Q

What is the condition in which the skin cells of the scalp multiply too rapidly, causing itching and flaking?

A

dandruff

70
Q

What occurs when skin cells are infected with a particular type of virus, causing the cells to reproduce rapidly and form a small mound of infected cells?

A

wart

71
Q

What is the most common endocrine disorder which results from an inability to produce enough insulin to properly regulate?

A

diabetes mellitus

72
Q

What are acidic byproducts of fat breakdown that begin to build up in the blood when body cells are surviving exclusively on fats?

A

ketones

73
Q

What is a condition that occurs when the level of ketones makes the blood so acidic that the body cannot function properly?

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

74
Q

What is a condition that causes blood sugar to rise to high levels?

A

hyperglycemia

75
Q

What is a condition of abnormally low blood sugar that impairs the function of body cells by depriving them of fuel?

A

hypoglycemia

76
Q

What is a chronic infection caused by bacteria that adhere to the teeth and is the most common infectious disease?

A

dental caries

77
Q

What is a sticky coating formed by bacteria that adhere to the teeth and is the most common infectious disease in man?

A

plaque

78
Q

What is a pocket of infection trapped beneath the gumline or in the tooth socket?

A

abscess

79
Q

What is a hard mineral crust that forms when minerals in saliva begin to collect in the plaque?

A

tartar

80
Q

What is the periodontal disease that occurs when plaque and tartar accumulate, causing the gums to become tender and inflamed and bleed easily?

A

gingivitis

81
Q

What is a disease in which the gums detach from the teeth and the bones supporting the teeth are destroyed?

A

periodontitis

82
Q

What is a condition that occurs when the appendix become inflamed?

A

appendicitis

83
Q

What is a small projection of the colon?

A

appendix

84
Q

What is cancer of the colon or rectum that is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system?

A

colorectal cancer

85
Q

What is a painful infection of the colon that is characterized by severe diarrhea, cramps, a high fever, and blood in the feces?

A

dysentery

86
Q

What is a doctor that treats diseases and disorders of the endocrine system?

A

endocrinologist

87
Q

What is any acute gastrointestinal disease or infection acquired by eating food contaminated with microorganisms?

A

food poisoning

88
Q

What type of food poisoning can be caused by bacteria of the genus Salmonella being consumed?

A

Salmonella poisoning

89
Q

What type of food poisoning can be caused by foods being consumed that were not properly refrigerated or handled?

A

staphylococcus

90
Q

What type of food poisoning is caused by bacteria that can spread from an animal’s intestines spreading to the meat being consumed?

A

E. coli poisoning

91
Q

What type of food poisoning is an uncommon but very severe type of food poisoning caused by anaerobic bacteria producing an extremely toxin nerve poison if they multiply on food?

A

botulism

92
Q

What is an open sore in one of the body’s membranes?

A

ulcer

93
Q

What is an ulcer in the lining of the stomach or duodenum?

A

peptic ulcer

94
Q

What occurs when there is a shortage of red blood cells or hemoglobin exists in the blood?

A

anemia

95
Q

What is the iron-containing protein that gives blood its red color?

A

hemoglobin

96
Q

What is the condition in which a patient’s blood does not clot or clots very slowly?

A

hemophilia

97
Q

What is any condition in which a shortage of red blood cells or hemoglobin exists in the blood?

A

anemia

98
Q

What is an iron-containing protein that gives blood its red color?

A

hemoglobin

99
Q

What is a disease in which the patient’s blood either does not clot or clots very slowly?

A

hemophilia

100
Q

What is an inflammation of the liver?

A

hepatitis

101
Q

What is a liver infection that may be caused y several types of viruses?

A

viral hepatitis

102
Q

What is a doctor that treats blood diseases and disorders?

A

hematologist

103
Q

What does the suffix hema- or hemo- mean?

A

blood

104
Q

What does the suffix hepat- or hepato- mean?

A

liver

105
Q

What is the term that refers to a collection of several different diseases or conditions thought to share a common cause?

A

syndrome

106
Q

What is the pain reliever that causes many cases of hepatitis?

A

acetaminophen

107
Q

What is a syndrome of approximately 30 different diseases generally associated with immune deficiency and though to result from HIV?

A

AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

108
Q

What is a slow-acting virus that infect certain leukocytes and is thought to cause AIDS?

A

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

109
Q

What is a relatively common disease especially among children and young adults that affects the immune system?

A

infectious mononucleosis

110
Q

What is a condition in which the joints become inflamed and make movement difficult?

A

arthritis

111
Q

What is the most widespread form of arthritis in which the articular cartilage that cushions the joint surfaces wear out?

A

osteoarthritis

112
Q

What type of arthritis occurs when the body’s immune system repeatedly attacks the tissues of a joint?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

113
Q

What occurs when a bursae becomes swollen or inflamed?

A

bursitis

114
Q

What are small, fluid-filled “cushions” that reduce friction?

A

bursae

115
Q

What is a doctor who treats musculoskeletal injuries and disorders?

A

chiropracter

116
Q

What is nerve damage that sometime causes severe pain?

A

neuropathy

117
Q

What is the condition in which the nerve is simply irritated and inflamed?

A

neuritis

118
Q

What is a doctor that treats diseases and disorders of the nervous system?

A

neuologist

119
Q

What is a period of paralysis of the central nervous system accompanied by a brief period of unconsciousness?

A

concussion

120
Q

What is a loss of memory that usually results from a concussion?

A

anmesia

121
Q

What is a prolonged state in which a person seems unconscious or unaware of his surroundings that can result from more extensive brain damage?

A

coma

122
Q

What is special lining of the meninges?

A

blood-brain barrier

123
Q

What is an inflammation of the brain?

A

encephalitis

124
Q

What is condition in which one or more layers of the meninges becomes inflamed?

A

meningitis

125
Q

What is a painful nerve infection caused from the same virus that causes chickenpox?

A

shingles

126
Q

What is a disorder that occurs if the cerebrum is damaged during birth or within a few months after birth?

A

cerebral palsy

127
Q

What is a condition in which the neurons in the brain periodically stop working properly and begin to fire together, disrupting normal brain activity and causing seizures?

A

epilepsy

128
Q

What type of seizures affect only part of the brain?

A

partial seizures

129
Q

What type of seizures affect the entire cerebrum and usually cause the person to lose unconsciousness?

A

generalized seizures

130
Q

What is a viral respiratory disease that almost everyone experiences at some time?

A

common cold

131
Q

What is an inflammation of the linings of the trachea or bronchial tubes?

A

bronchitis

132
Q

What is caused by a virus that infects the respiratory system?

A

influenza

133
Q

What is influenza more commonly known as?

A

the flu

134
Q

What is an infection that causes the alveoli of the lungs to fill with fluid?

A

pneumonia

135
Q

What is serious lung disease that is caused by slow-growing bacteria that are extraordinarily difficult to kill, allowing them to survive and reproduce inside the body’s leukocytes?

A

tuberculosis

136
Q

What is the disease that tuberculosis is almost identical to?

A

leprosy

137
Q

What are pebblelike deposits that form if dissolved minerals such as calcium and phosphorus crystalize in the body?

A

kidney stones

138
Q

What occurs if some pathogens enter the urethra and work their way up the bladder?

A

urinary tract infection

139
Q

What is the practice of allowing certain organs to be removed from your body after death and transplanted into living individuals?

A

organ donation

140
Q

What is information about you and your family’s past and present health problems that often serves as the foundation of the doctor’s diagnosis?

A

medical history

141
Q

What usually begins with a nurse checking your height, weight, and blood pressure that follows the doctor’s questions?

A

physical examination

142
Q

What kind of doctor provides primary care for people of all ages?

A

family practitioner

143
Q

What type of soap is one of the simplest and most effective ways to stop the spread of many diseases?

A

antibacterial soap

144
Q

What is one of the simplest and most effective ways to stop the spread of many diseases?

A

frequent handwashing

145
Q

What does many Scripture verses tell us is an important factor in good health?

A

attitude

146
Q

What does the Bible tell us the body of a Christian is?

A

the temple of the Holy Spirit

147
Q

What are several diseases that are spread by direct bodily contact, usually during illicit sexual relations?

A

sexually transmitted diseases

Health (8 decks)

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