Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a substance that alters the function of the body in some way?

A

drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a substance that is used to cure or treat a disease or alleviate some of its symptoms?

A

medicine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are medicines that the FDA considers unlikely to be abused or that have minimal side effects and can be sold to the general public?

A

over-the-counter drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are medicines that the FDA deems likely to be abused or that have significant side effects and can only be sold to the general public by a doctor’s presciption?

A

prescription drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are chemical substances that stop the growth of bacteria?

A

antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the most widely used of all medicines?

A

pain relievers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are medicines that causes loss of feeling?

A

anesthetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of anesthetics causes numbness in a limited part of the body?

A

local anesthetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of anesthetics enters the bloodstream and prevents felling in the body as a whole?

A

general anesthetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of local anesthetics are applied to the skin or mucous membranes?

A

topical anesthetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are medicines that reduce the sensation of pain but do no cause loss of other skin senses?

A

analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the oldest OTC analgesics that is a derivative or a drug found in willow bark?

A

aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a substance that reduces fever?

A

antipyretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the analgesic pain-relieving and fever-reducing medicine commonly known as Tylenol that does not reduce inflammation?

A

acetaminophen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a rare, encehalitits-like disease that has known to have been causes by aspirin?

A

Reye’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the analgesic medicine that relieves pain and inflammation and fever but is considered less irritating to the digestive tract?

A

ibuprofin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the medicine that blocks the action of histamine, allowing the tissues to return to normal?

A

antihistamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a chemical messenger in tissues surrounding white blood cells that “sound the alarm” when a pathogen attacks the respiratory tract?

A

histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of OTCs helps clear stuffy sinuses and nasal passages and may also reduce chest congestion?

A

decongestants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of OTCs help stifles the urge to cough?

A

cough suppresants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do cough suppressants use to loosen the mucus in the lungs and bronchial tubes?

A

expectorant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What type of OTCs kills pathogens in minor cuts and scrapes to prevent infection?

A

antiseptics and first-aid ointments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of OTCs includes acne medicines, antifungal medicines, and soothing creams to treat a variety of conditions?

A

skin-care products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Who is a health-care professional who fills presciption and provides advice about presciptionand over-the-counter drugs?

A

pharmacist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Who is a researcher who develops and tests new drugs for medicinal use?

A

pharmacologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are drugs that can affect the brain and mind?

A

psychoactive drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is a condition in which a drug user becomes unable to function normally without a drug?

A

dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are physical or psychological symptoms that appear in a drug user when he discontinues use of the drug or is unable to get another dose?

A

withdrawal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What type of dependence involves changes in body function that occur as a result of the drug?

A

physical dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What type of dependence involves mental and emotional changes that occur as a result of the drug’s effects on the brain?

A

psychological dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What type of withdrawal symptoms occur because of physical dependence?

A

physical withdrawal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What type of withdrawal symptoms occur because of psychological dependence?

A

psychological withdrawal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the prefix that means “mind”?

A

psycho-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the word that describes drugs that tend to cause users to become enslaved to the drug, using it compulsively?

A

addictive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the neurotrasmitter that is assciated with positive feelings?

A

dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is a condition that occurs when the brain adjust to the drug by reducing its production of dopamine, resulting in the addict requiring more and more of the drug to reach a “high”?

A

tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are drugs that relieve pain and may produce euphoria and drowsiness?

A

narcotics

38
Q

What type of dependence can narcotics develop if abused?

A

physical and psychological

39
Q

What are drugs that relieve pain and may produce euphoria and drowsiness?

A

narcotics

40
Q

What are narcotics derived from the option poppy plant?

A

opiates

41
Q

What is the juice of the opium poppy plant that has been used as a painkiller since the time of Abraham?

A

opium

42
Q

What is a solution of opium and alcohol that was commonly used as a painkiller?

A

laudanum

43
Q

What is the main active ingredient in opium that is a pain-relieving opiate first isolated in 1803?

A

morphine

44
Q

What is an active ingredient in opium that is much weaker that morphine and is commonly used in prescription cough medicines and analgesics?

A

codeine

45
Q

What is a chemically altered form of morphine that is strongly addictive?

A

heroine

46
Q

What are synthetic narcotics not derived from opium>

A

opioids

47
Q

What are drugs witch produce hallucinations?

A

hallucinogens

48
Q

What are hallucinogens also known as?

A

psychedic drugs

49
Q

What is one of the most powerful hallucinogens?

A

LSD

50
Q

What is a recurrence of a previously experienced trip?

A

flashback

51
Q

What is a commonly abused hallucinogen that has appeared fairly recently that increases the amount of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain’s limbic system?

A

MDMA

52
Q

What is a commonly abused hallucinogen that is one of the most dangerous and unpredictable of all drugs?

A

PCP

53
Q

What is similar to LSD and was develops as a surgical anesthetic but was taken off the market because of its harmful side effects?

A

ketamine

54
Q

What is a hallucinating experience caused by LSC?

A

a trip

55
Q

What ae drugs which speed up the activity of the central nervous system?

A

stimulants

56
Q

What is one of the most powerful stimulants that is used medically as a local anesthetic

A

stimulants

57
Q

What is one of the most powerful stimulants that is used medically as a local anesthetic?

A

cocaine

58
Q

Why is cocaine one of the most powerful stimulants?

A

because of the psychological dependence produced by it

59
Q

What is a different form of cocaine that is even more dangerous and addictive than normal cocaine?

A

crack

59
Q

What is the condition called when cocaine users feel as if swarms of insects are crawling under is skin?

A

cocaine bugs

60
Q

What are stimulants which speed up the body’s metabolism?

A

amphetamines

61
Q

What is a faster-acting derivative of amphetamine that produces a temporary “rush” of euphoria followed by depression?

A

methamphetamine

62
Q

What is a crystalline form of meth that is sometimes chemically altered into which resembles crack cocaine in appearance?

A

ice or crystal meth

63
Q

What are drugs that slow down the activity of the brain?

A

depressants

64
Q

What were the most commonly abused depressants, other than alcohol in the early 1900s through the 1960s?

A

barbiturates

65
Q

What are the most commonly abused depressants today that are widely prescribes as sedatives and as treatments for insomnia?

A

benzodiazepines

66
Q

What is a well-known sedative that belongs to the benzodiazepines depressant group?

A

Valium

67
Q

What is a well-known sedative in the benzodiazepines depressant group that is extremely dangerous because it causes the user to become unconscious or passively compliant, followed by a period of amnesia?

A

Rohypnol

68
Q

What are drugs that are derived from the hemp plant?

A

cannobinoids

69
Q

What is the most commonly abused illegal drug in the United States?

A

marijuana

70
Q

What is a cannabinoid that is made from the resin or gum of the hemp plant?

A

hash

71
Q

What is a form of marijuana made from the buds and flowers of the female cannabis plant that has the highest THC content?

A

sinsemilla

72
Q

What is the potent drug that is the active ingredient in cannabinoids?

A

THC

73
Q

What are chemicals that seek to imitate the male hormone testosterone?

A

anabolic steroids

74
Q

What is the most important step for preventing problems caused by drug abuse?

A

avoid experimenting with any drug

75
Q

What is the influence that your friends have on you and that you have on your friends called?

A

peer pressure

76
Q

What is another name for hallucinogens?

A

psychedelic drugs

77
Q

What is the most widely abused drug in the world today?

A

alcohol

78
Q

What is alcohol chemically known as?

A

ethanol

79
Q

What process was invented that allowed for higher alcohol concentrations?

A

distillation

80
Q

What are distilled alcoholic concentrations called?

A

spirits or liquor

81
Q

What type of drug does alcohol act as?

A

a depressant

82
Q

What is the only organ that is able to break down alcohol in the body?

A

liver

83
Q

What is the poison that the liver converts alcohol into?

A

acetaldehyde

84
Q

What types of dependence does alcohol produce?

A

physical and psychological

85
Q

What are alcohol addicts called?

A

alcoholics

86
Q

What is the syndrome that occurs when a heavy user abstains from alcohol?

A

delirium tremens

87
Q

What is the condition when the liver becomes inflamed due to heavy drinking?

A

alcoholic hepatitis

88
Q

What is the condition in the liver when large numbers of liver cells die and are replaced by scar tissue?

A

cirrhosis

89
Q

What type of drugs are common household chemicals that people breathe in?

A

inhalants

90
Q

What are some body systems that are affected by the use of alcohol?

A

cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, pancreas and kidneys

91
Q

What is a syndrome of birth defects caused by alcohol abuse during pregnancy, involving brain damage, certain physical deformities, and mental retardation?

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

Health (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions