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Psychology > Chapters - 8-11 > Flashcards

Chapters - 8-11 Flashcards

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0
Q

what is the goal of freudian defense mechanisms?

A

to prevent anxiety

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1
Q

what principles does psychonamic approach use

A

psychic determinism

psychoanylitic theory

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2
Q

define sublimation

A

socially inacceptable covert to acceptable

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3
Q

reaction formation

A

hitting a girl you like

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4
Q

what are the stages of personality (freud)?

A
  1. oral
  2. anal
  3. phallic
  4. latency
  5. genital
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5
Q

who are the neo freudians?

A

jung - other drives/ introversion
adler - overcome helplessness
horney - womb envy

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6
Q

what are modern takes on the paychodynamic approach?

A

object relations & attachment theory

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7
Q

who did trait theory? non-biological

A

allport - central & secondary

cattell - what do people share?

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8
Q

who did trait theory biological?

A

eyesenck & gray

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9
Q

what were eyesenck’s two demensions?

A

inteoversion

emotionality

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10
Q

gray’s reinforcement sensitivity

A

comes from specific brain regions

bas and ffs

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11
Q

what is the social cognitive approcach all about?

A

personality is acquired through learning

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12
Q

rotter

A

social-cognitive
expectancies
internals vs. externals

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13
Q

bandura

A

reciprocal determinism and self efficacy

social cognitive

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14
Q

Mischel’s Cognitive/ Affective

A

social-cognitive

  1. encodings
  2. expectancies
  3. affects
  4. goals and values
  5. completeness and self-regulatory plans
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15
Q

what is the humanistic approach about?

A

actualizing tendency
phenomenology
self-actualizatiom

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16
Q

Roger’s Self

A

humanistic
self concept
incongruency

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17
Q

maslow - growth

A

self actualization is human need

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18
Q

ways to assess peraonality

A
  1. life outcomes
  2. situationl testa
  3. observer ratings
  4. self-reports
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19
Q

projective testa

A

tat

rorschach inkblot test

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20
Q

nonprojective tests

A

neo-pi-3

mmpi 2 rf - clinical scales

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21
Q

mediating factors of streas

A
  1. predict
  2. control
  3. social support
  4. coping skills
  5. appraisal
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22
Q

what is streas

A

stress is a process

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23
Q

ways to measure streaa

A

holmes and ray - SRRS

johnson & siegel - open-ended one

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24
Q

what is the gwneral adaptation symdrome?

A
  1. alarm
  2. resistance
  3. exhaustion
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25
Q

define ruminative thinking

A

cant get it off my mind

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26
Q

look up diathesis - stress

A

yea

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27
Q

steps in cognitive appraisal

A

primary- assess seveeity

secondary- coping assesment

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28
Q

what are the two coping methods

A

problem focused vs. emotion focused

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29
Q

oxycotin

A

idk man

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30
Q

stress related personality types

A

a. ambitious
b. relaxed
c. holds it in
d. hardy, thrives on streas

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31
Q

rosenstock’s health belief model

A
  1. personal threat
  2. percieve seriousness
  3. believing that change will help
  4. weight costs and benefits
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32
Q

readiness atages of illness

A
  1. precontemplation
  2. contemplation
  3. preparation
  4. actiom
    5 maintenence
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33
Q

what are the 4 typea of atreaa coping methods?

A

cognitive
emotiomal
behvioral
physical

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34
Q

what is developmental psychology

A

course and cause of lifetime developmental changes

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35
Q

john locke

A

development

tabula rasa

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36
Q

jean jacques rousseau

A

obey nature

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38
Q

arnold gesell

A

development
actually studied
favored maturation

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39
Q

John B. Watson

A

Development

everything is learned

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40
Q

Jean Piaget

A

nature and nurture work together

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41
Q

terratogens

A

substances harmful to fetus

42
Q

how many reflexes does a newborn have

A

over 20

43
Q

Piaget

A 
children are actually active explorers and not just little adults
different stages (qualitative)
44
Q

What are Piaget;s 4 stages of cognitive development?

A

sensorimotor
preoperational
concrete operational
formal operational

45
Q

sensorimotor stage

A

0-2
schemas about sensory functions

> object permanance

46
Q

peroperational

A

a. 2-4
symbols, play pretend

b. 4-7
ego centric
intuitive guesses
cant tell imagination from reality

> conservation

47
Q

concrete operational

A

only think about what is possible

> think abstractly

48
Q

Piaget was wrong about…

A

infants better
pocket learning
many more variables

49
Q

Information processing model

A

there is stuff here

50
Q

Vygotsky

A

culture matters

51
Q

temperament

A

from birth- easy, difficult, slow to warm up

52
Q

Bowlby’s attachment

A

secure, avoidant, ambivalent, disorganized

53
Q

Eriksons stages (1968)

A
  1. trust
  2. autonomy
  3. initiative
  4. industry
  5. adolescence
  6. early adult
  7. middle age
  8. old age
54
Q

parenting styles (west)

A

authoritarian
permissive
authoritative
uninvolved

*no best style

55
Q

development recap

A

0-2 attachemnt
2-4 development
4-10 socialize

56
Q

Kohlberg’s Stages

A

moral development

preconventional
conventional
postconventional

57
Q

preconventional

A

0-9

  1. authority
  2. good deal
58
Q

conventional

A

9-19

  1. get approval
  2. do duty
59
Q

postconventional

A

19+

  1. respect rules
  2. ethics
60
Q

dialectical

A

knowledge is relative

61
Q

stages of death

A
  1. denial
  2. anger
  3. bargaining
  4. depression
  5. acceptance
62
Q

aging theories

A

wear and tear

free radical cellular clock

63
Q

What are the sources of motivation

A 
1.psysiological factors
2, needs
3. emotional factors
4, cognitive factors
5. social and environmental factors
-combine to find theories of motivation
64
Q

what are the theories of motivation

A

instict doctrine
drive reduction theory
arousal theory
incentive theory

65
Q

what are the types of motviation?

A

intrinsic motivation

extrinsic motivation

66
Q

what does the brain measure the blood for in terms of eating?

A

nutrients and hormones

67
Q

eating nutrients and what they do

A

glucose - stop!
fatty acids - fat
amino acis -protien

68
Q

eating hormones and what they do

A

ghrelin - eat!
insulin - use glucose! (dont really eat)
leptin - stop over the long term!

69
Q

what does the lateral hypothalamus say?

A

eat!

70
Q

What does the hypothalamus detect?

A

ghrelin
leptin
insulin
increases hunger/reduce energy

71
Q

paraventricular nucleus in hypothalamus

A

stop!

72
Q

neropeptide Vs. serotonin

A

carbs

73
Q

galanin vs. enterostatin

A

fat

74
Q

endocannabinoids

A

just eat! (tasty)

75
Q

sexual response cycle stages

A
  1. excitement
  2. plateau
  3. orgasmic
  4. resolution (refractory)
76
Q

female hormones

A

estrogens, progestational

77
Q

male hormones

A

androgens

78
Q

BnST

A

brain area
larger in men
could predict orientation

79
Q

maslow (1970)

A 
self actualization
esteem
belongingness and love
safety
physiological
80
Q

Clayton’s Alderfer’s ERG

A

existance, relatedness, growth

81
Q

what are the 6 basic emotions

A 
happiness 
anger
sadness
disgust
fear
surprise`
82
Q

what system is the amygdala part of

A

limbic

83
Q

what does the amygdala do

A

associations, fear, facial

84
Q

left side of brain

A

negative emotions

85
Q

right side of brain

A

laughing

most emotions

86
Q

anonomic nervous system contains

A

parasympathetic and symapthetic

87
Q

parasympathetic

A

acetylcholine

growth nourishment

88
Q

sympathetic

A

norepinephrine

fight or flight

89
Q

prymidal part of brain

A

voluntary

90
Q

estraprymidal

A

involuntary

91
Q

What are the theories of emotion

A

james-lange/peripheral
canom’s central theory
cognitive theories

92
Q

james lange

A

i shake

shake makes me afraid

93
Q

canon’s central theory

A

thalmus is seat of emotion —- both emotion and reaction

94
Q

what are the 3 cognitive theories of emotion

A

schacter-singer
excitation transfer theory
cognitive appraisal theory

95
Q

schacter-singer

A

emotions shaped by interpretation

96
Q

excitation transfer theory

A

emotions carry over

97
Q

social referencing

A

look at expressions and emotions for guidance

98
Q

longitudinal study

A

same people across time

99
Q

cross sectional

A

different ages same time

100
Q

cross sequential

A

mix bitch

Psychology (13 decks)

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