Chapters - 8-11 Flashcards
what is the goal of freudian defense mechanisms?
to prevent anxiety
what principles does psychonamic approach use
psychic determinism
psychoanylitic theory
define sublimation
socially inacceptable covert to acceptable
reaction formation
hitting a girl you like
what are the stages of personality (freud)?
- oral
- anal
- phallic
- latency
- genital
who are the neo freudians?
jung - other drives/ introversion
adler - overcome helplessness
horney - womb envy
what are modern takes on the paychodynamic approach?
object relations & attachment theory
who did trait theory? non-biological
allport - central & secondary
cattell - what do people share?
who did trait theory biological?
eyesenck & gray
what were eyesenck’s two demensions?
inteoversion
emotionality
gray’s reinforcement sensitivity
comes from specific brain regions
bas and ffs
what is the social cognitive approcach all about?
personality is acquired through learning
rotter
social-cognitive
expectancies
internals vs. externals
bandura
reciprocal determinism and self efficacy
social cognitive
Mischel’s Cognitive/ Affective
social-cognitive
- encodings
- expectancies
- affects
- goals and values
- completeness and self-regulatory plans
what is the humanistic approach about?
actualizing tendency
phenomenology
self-actualizatiom
Roger’s Self
humanistic
self concept
incongruency
maslow - growth
self actualization is human need
ways to assess peraonality
- life outcomes
- situationl testa
- observer ratings
- self-reports
projective testa
tat
rorschach inkblot test
nonprojective tests
neo-pi-3
mmpi 2 rf - clinical scales
mediating factors of streas
- predict
- control
- social support
- coping skills
- appraisal
what is streas
stress is a process
ways to measure streaa
holmes and ray - SRRS
johnson & siegel - open-ended one
what is the gwneral adaptation symdrome?
- alarm
- resistance
- exhaustion
define ruminative thinking
cant get it off my mind
look up diathesis - stress
yea
steps in cognitive appraisal
primary- assess seveeity
secondary- coping assesment
what are the two coping methods
problem focused vs. emotion focused
oxycotin
idk man
stress related personality types
a. ambitious
b. relaxed
c. holds it in
d. hardy, thrives on streas
rosenstock’s health belief model
- personal threat
- percieve seriousness
- believing that change will help
- weight costs and benefits
readiness atages of illness
- precontemplation
- contemplation
- preparation
- actiom
5 maintenence
what are the 4 typea of atreaa coping methods?
cognitive
emotiomal
behvioral
physical
what is developmental psychology
course and cause of lifetime developmental changes
john locke
development
tabula rasa
jean jacques rousseau
obey nature
arnold gesell
development
actually studied
favored maturation
John B. Watson
Development
everything is learned
Jean Piaget
nature and nurture work together
terratogens
substances harmful to fetus
how many reflexes does a newborn have
over 20
Piaget
children are actually active explorers and not just little adults different stages (qualitative)
What are Piaget;s 4 stages of cognitive development?
sensorimotor
preoperational
concrete operational
formal operational
sensorimotor stage
0-2
schemas about sensory functions
> object permanance
peroperational
a. 2-4
symbols, play pretend
b. 4-7
ego centric
intuitive guesses
cant tell imagination from reality
> conservation
concrete operational
only think about what is possible
> think abstractly
Piaget was wrong about…
infants better
pocket learning
many more variables
Information processing model
there is stuff here
Vygotsky
culture matters
temperament
from birth- easy, difficult, slow to warm up
Bowlby’s attachment
secure, avoidant, ambivalent, disorganized
Eriksons stages (1968)
- trust
- autonomy
- initiative
- industry
- adolescence
- early adult
- middle age
- old age
parenting styles (west)
authoritarian
permissive
authoritative
uninvolved
*no best style
development recap
0-2 attachemnt
2-4 development
4-10 socialize
Kohlberg’s Stages
moral development
preconventional
conventional
postconventional
preconventional
0-9
- authority
- good deal
conventional
9-19
- get approval
- do duty
postconventional
19+
- respect rules
- ethics
dialectical
knowledge is relative
stages of death
- denial
- anger
- bargaining
- depression
- acceptance
aging theories
wear and tear
free radical cellular clock
What are the sources of motivation
1.psysiological factors 2, needs 3. emotional factors 4, cognitive factors 5. social and environmental factors -combine to find theories of motivation
what are the theories of motivation
instict doctrine
drive reduction theory
arousal theory
incentive theory
what are the types of motviation?
intrinsic motivation
extrinsic motivation
what does the brain measure the blood for in terms of eating?
nutrients and hormones
eating nutrients and what they do
glucose - stop!
fatty acids - fat
amino acis -protien
eating hormones and what they do
ghrelin - eat!
insulin - use glucose! (dont really eat)
leptin - stop over the long term!
what does the lateral hypothalamus say?
eat!
What does the hypothalamus detect?
ghrelin
leptin
insulin
increases hunger/reduce energy
paraventricular nucleus in hypothalamus
stop!
neropeptide Vs. serotonin
carbs
galanin vs. enterostatin
fat
endocannabinoids
just eat! (tasty)
sexual response cycle stages
- excitement
- plateau
- orgasmic
- resolution (refractory)
female hormones
estrogens, progestational
male hormones
androgens
BnST
brain area
larger in men
could predict orientation
maslow (1970)
self actualization esteem belongingness and love safety physiological
Clayton’s Alderfer’s ERG
existance, relatedness, growth
what are the 6 basic emotions
happiness anger sadness disgust fear surprise`
what system is the amygdala part of
limbic
what does the amygdala do
associations, fear, facial
left side of brain
negative emotions
right side of brain
laughing
most emotions
anonomic nervous system contains
parasympathetic and symapthetic
parasympathetic
acetylcholine
growth nourishment
sympathetic
norepinephrine
fight or flight
prymidal part of brain
voluntary
estraprymidal
involuntary
What are the theories of emotion
james-lange/peripheral
canom’s central theory
cognitive theories
james lange
i shake
shake makes me afraid
canon’s central theory
thalmus is seat of emotion —- both emotion and reaction
what are the 3 cognitive theories of emotion
schacter-singer
excitation transfer theory
cognitive appraisal theory
schacter-singer
emotions shaped by interpretation
excitation transfer theory
emotions carry over
social referencing
look at expressions and emotions for guidance
longitudinal study
same people across time
cross sectional
different ages same time
cross sequential
mix bitch
