Chapters 6-10

Question 1

Explain the difference between the magnetic pole and the geographic North Pole. (Use the North Star or Polaris in your explanation)

Answer 1

The geographic North Pole is on the axis of the earth about which the earth rotates and points at the North Star (Polaris). The magnetic pole is located in northern Canada (Hudson Bay).

Question 2

small tides caused by the full moon and sun

Answer 2

neap

Question 3

discovered the island of Greenland

Answer 3

Eric the Red

Question 4

invented the grandfather clock

Answer 4

Christiaan Huygens

Question 5

the name for land discovered by Leif Eriksson

Answer 5

Vinland

Question 6

responsible for holding the moon in orbit and holding the solar system together

Answer 6

gravity

Question 7

gentle breeze

Answer 7

Cat’s Paw

Question 8

first to provide an explanation for tides

Answer 8

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 9

measures distance east and west

Answer 9

longitude

Question 10

The movement of heat by currents within a substance (liquids & gases)

Answer 10

convection

Question 11

the distance in degrees north and south

Answer 11

latitude

Question 12

the name of Isaac Newton’s book

Answer 12

Principia

Question 13

Explain the difference between local time and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

Answer 13

Local time is measured by the position of the sun at a particular location. Greenwich Mean Time is the time measured by the position of the sun at Greenwich, England.

Question 14

large tides caused by the sun and new moon

Answer 14

spring

Question 15

discovered the principle of the pendulum

Answer 15

Galileo

Question 16

largest tides in the world (70 feet)

Answer 16

Bay of Fundy

Question 17

peaceful

Answer 17

Pacific

Question 18

a hot, dry breeze starting in the Rocky Mountains and moving toward California

Answer 18

Santa Ana

Question 19

cannot find this position without a clock

Answer 19

longitude

Question 20

the southernmost passageway around South America

Answer 20

Strait of magellan

Question 21

an ore that attracts iron

Answer 21

magnetite

Question 22

What did Sir Isaac newton conclude a falling apple and the moon circling the earth have in common?

Answer 22

The earth’s gravity causes both events

Question 23

Why does a sea breeze blow from the sea to the shore during the day but reverse itself at night?

Answer 23

As the land warms during the day, the air above it also warms, causing rising convection currents above the land. The cool air above the ocean flows in to replace the rising warm air. At night the land cools below the temperature of the sea. The warmer air above the sea rises (convection current), and the cooler air from the land flows in to replace it. This revers is caused by temperature fluctuations on land but very little temperature fluctuation in sea water.