Chapters 1-15 Final Review

Question 1

famous artist who made drawings of Yellowstone Park

Answer 1

Thomas Moran

Question 2

lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere

Answer 2

solid, liquid, gas

Question 3

caused the formation of the Great Lakes and an ice sheet all the way to the Mediterranean Sea

Answer 3

Ice Age

Question 4

calculated the circumference (distance around) of the earth

Answer 4

Eratosthenes

Question 5

opened a library and museum in Alexandria

Answer 5

Ptolemy

Question 6

rim of the Pacific basin that has lots of earthquakes and active volcanos

Answer 6

ring of fire

Question 7

gave his name to the “new land”

Answer 7

Amerigo Vespucius

Question 8

How was Ptolemy able to gather so much of the world’s knowledge at that time for his library and museum in Alexandria, Egypt?

Answer 8

He ordered a search of all ships, caravans, and visitors entering Alexandria. When books, maps, or anything interesting was found, they were confiscated, taken to the library where they were copied, and then returned

Question 9

responsible for holding the moon in orbit and holding the solar system together

Answer 9

gravity

Question 10

the name of Isaac Newton’s book

Answer 10

Principia

Question 11

How are glaciers made?

Answer 11

By the accumulation of snowflakes over time. As they get deeper the weight of the snow compresses into ice. Also, there is more snowfall in the winter than melts in the summer.

Question 12

cannot find this position without a clock

Answer 12

longitude

Question 13

Explain what caused deep grooves in solid rock in valley walls, and caused boulders to do the southern plains far from the mountains of their origin.

Answer 13

Glaciers move, pressing boulders against valley walls, carving deep grooves. Glaciers carried the boulders to the southern plain, leaving them as they melted

Question 14

connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean

Answer 14

Strait of Gibraltar

Question 15

Why does a sea breeze blow from the sea to the shore during the day but reverse itself at night?

Answer 15

As the land warms during the day, the air above it also warms, causing rising convection currents above the land. The cool air above the ocean flows in to replace the rising warm air. At night the land cools below the temperature of the sea. The warmer air above the sea rises (convection current), and the cooler air from the land flows in to replace it. This revers is caused by temperature fluctuations on land but very little temperature fluctuation in sea water.

Question 16

“river in the sea”

Answer 16

Gulf Stream

Question 17

circumference of the earth

Answer 17

24,875 miles

Question 18

What did Sir Isaac newton conclude a falling apple and the moon circling the earth have in common?

Answer 18

The earth’s gravity causes both events

Question 19

Explain the three ways the Greeks knew the earth was round.

Answer 19

lunar eclipse- the shadow of the earth as it fell on the moon was circular.

A ship sailing out to sea - the hull disappears first and the mast last (if the earth were flat, the ship would just get smaller).

The North Star was higher in the North than in the South.

Question 20

the distance in degrees north and south

Answer 20

latitude

Question 21

the primary factor in giving ocean currents their life

Answer 21

temperature differences

Question 22

large tides caused by the sun and new moon

Answer 22

spring

Question 23

The movement of heat by currents within a substance (liquids & gases)

Answer 23

convection