Chapters 1-10 Final Review

Question 1

large tides caused by the sun and new moon

Answer 1

spring

Question 2

The movement of heat by currents within a substance (liquids & gases)

Answer 2

convection

Question 3

Why does a sea breeze blow from the sea to the shore during the day but reverse itself at night?

Answer 3

As the land warms during the day, the air above it also warms, causing rising convection currents above the land. The cool air above the ocean flows in to replace the rising warm air. At night the land cools below the temperature of the sea. The warmer air above the sea rises (convection current), and the cooler air from the land flows in to replace it. This revers is caused by temperature fluctuations on land but very little temperature fluctuation in sea water.

Question 4

the distance in degrees north and south

Answer 4

latitude

Question 5

connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean

Answer 5

Strait of Gibraltar

Question 6

cannot find this position without a clock

Answer 6

longitude

Question 7

Explain the three ways the Greeks knew the earth was round.

Answer 7

lunar eclipse- the shadow of the earth as it fell on the moon was circular.

A ship sailing out to sea - the hull disappears first and the mast last (if the earth were flat, the ship would just get smaller).

The North Star was higher in the North than in the South.

Question 8

gave his name to the “new land”

Answer 8

Amerigo Vespucius

Question 9

circumference of the earth

Answer 9

24,875 miles

Question 10

How was Ptolemy able to gather so much of the world’s knowledge at that time for his library and museum in Alexandria, Egypt?

Answer 10

He ordered a search of all ships, caravans, and visitors entering Alexandria. When books, maps, or anything interesting was found, they were confiscated, taken to the library where they were copied, and then returned

Question 11

What did Sir Isaac newton conclude a falling apple and the moon circling the earth have in common?

Answer 11

The earth’s gravity causes both events

Question 12

calculated the circumference (distance around) of the earth

Answer 12

Eratosthenes

Question 13

the name of Isaac Newton’s book

Answer 13

Principia

Question 14

responsible for holding the moon in orbit and holding the solar system together

Answer 14

gravity

Question 15

opened a library and museum in Alexandria

Answer 15

Ptolemy