Chapter 16

Question 1

invented an improved air pump that opened many new fields in science

Answer 1

Robert Boyle

Question 2

If a barometer at sea level measures 30 inches of mercury, and is take to a height of 18,500 ft. (3.5 miles) above sea level, the same barometer measures 15 inches of mercury. What does this mean?

Answer 2

Half of the atmosphere is below 18,500 feet.

Question 3

liquid element used in barometers that is 13.6 times more dense than water

Answer 3

mercury

Question 4

How did Torricelli make (invent) the first barometer?

Answer 4

He filled a long glass tube closed at one end and open at the other end, and up-ended the tube in a dish of mercury. When he removed his finger, the mercury partially drained to a height of approximately 30 inches - the first barometer.

Question 5

air pressure at sea level in pounds per square inch (PSI)

Answer 5

14.7

Question 6

invented the Altimeter

Answer 6

Blaies Pascal

Question 7

Describe Robert Boyle’s experiment that proved what Galileo believed, that “all bodies fall at the same speed in a vacuum.”

Answer 7

Boyle placed a feather and a lump of lead in a glass cylinder and pumped all the air out. When he turned the glass cylinder upside down, bot the feather and lead fell side by side.