Chapters 4 & 5 Flashcards
What is the influence of Nursing Theory on a Nurse’s approach to practice?
Nurses use theory to help delegate care, provide direction in using the nursing process, and understand nursing concepts.
Theory connects the concepts of a person, health, environment/situation, and care for individuals/groups.
What is Nightingale’s Theory?
Improving the patient’s environment (ventilation, lighting, hygiene) will restore patient health.
Nightingale emphasized the importance of the environment in healing.
What does Peplau’s Theory emphasize?
Interpersonal relations with patients, families, and other nurses to promote healthy relationships.
Peplau’s focus is on the nurse-patient relationship.
What is the main focus of Orem’s Theory?
Assessing a patient’s ability to perform self-care and encouraging independence as health improves.
Orem’s model includes helping with tasks like bathing when necessary.
What does Leininger’s Theory focus on?
Respecting the cultural beliefs and wishes of patients.
Leininger emphasizes cultural competence in nursing.
How does Neuman’s Theory view patients?
As open systems exchanging between internal and external environments and coping with stressors.
Coping
## Footnote
Neuman’s model focuses on wellness and disease prevention.
What is the goal of Roy’s Theory in nursing?
Helping patients cope with or adapt to changes in physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence domains.
Roy’s model is about adaptation to changes.
What is the core concept of Watson’s Theory?
Caring occurs through a transpersonal relationship that facilitates self-healing.
Watson emphasizes the importance of caring in nursing.
What are the stages of skill acquisition in Benner’s Theory?
Novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert.
Benner’s model outlines the progression of nursing skills.
Fill in the blank: Theory helps nurses to understand and explain what nursing is, how it is done, and _______.
why nurses do what they do.
True or False: Theory in nursing remains static and does not change based on the environment.
False.
What role does education and experience play in the development of nursing theory?
Theory is developed by education and experiences within clinical/practice settings.
What are the benefits of using evidence based practice?
Improved patient outcomes, shorter hospital stays, reduced complications, increased patient satisfaction, increased nurse confidence in decision making, better quality care based upon current research, incorporating new technologies and interventions into practice, and promoting a culture of continuous learning.
What are the six steps of Evidence Based Practice?
- Encourage a culture of asking questions/research. 2. Ask a clinical question within PICOT format. 3. Search for newest and more relevant evidence. 4. Critically appraise the evidence gathered. 5. Integrate the best evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences. 6. Evaluate and communicate the outcomes of the changes.
What are the components of a PICOT question?
P = Patient population of interest; I = Intervention or area of interest; C = Comparison intervention; O = Outcomes; T = Time.
What does ‘P’ in PICOT stand for?
Patient population of interest, identified by age, gender, ethnicity, and disease or problem.
What does ‘I’ in PICOT stand for?
Intervention or area of interest, which includes worthwhile interventions like treatment or diagnostic testing.
What does ‘C’ in PICOT stand for?
Comparison intervention or area of interest, referring to the usual standard of care or interventions currently used.
What does ‘O’ in PICOT stand for?
Outcomes, which are specific results desired from the intervention, such as changing patient behavior or physical findings.
What does ‘T’ in PICOT stand for?
Time, indicating how long it will take for the intervention to achieve the desired outcome.
What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative research?
Quantitative research relates to measurable data and statistics, while qualitative research involves non-numerical data that can be difficult to measure.
How does evidence based practice (EBP) relate to performance improvement (PI)?
EBP uses research literature and PI data to provide evidence for practice change, and both can lead to opportunities for research.
