Chapter 1, 2, 6 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of a profession in nursing?
- Formal education and intellectual responsibility
- Defined code of ethics
- Theoretical body of knowledge
- Autonomy in decision making and practice
- Critical thinking and applying clinical judgment
These characteristics distinguish nursing as a profession.
How is nursing defined as both an art and a science?
Nursing is ART in emotional connection, compassion, empathy, and relations; SCIENCE in knowledge, evidence-based practice, and innovations.
This duality highlights the complexity of nursing practice.
What are the standards of nursing practice according to the ANA?
- ANA Standards of Nursing Practice
- ANA Standards of Professional Performance
- ANA Code of Ethics
- TBON State Nurse Practice Act
These standards guide nursing performance and ethical obligations.
What does the Nurse Practice Act grant to the profession?
Authority to set standards for practice and education
Law
This is regulated by the Texas Board of Nursing (TBON).
What are the responsibilities of a nurse?
- Autonomy
- Caregiver
- Advocate for patients
- Education for nurses and patients
- Communication
- Manager (staffing, policy, unit quality)
These responsibilities encompass the multifaceted role of nurses in healthcare.
What is the purpose of the ANA Code of Ethics?
To outline performance duty in nursing
This code serves as a guiding document for ethical practice.
Fill in the blank: The _______ provides guidelines for nursing performance.
[ANA Standards of Nursing Practice]
These guidelines help ensure competent nursing care.
True or False: Nursing only involves technical skills and does not require emotional intelligence.
False
Nursing involves both technical skills and emotional intelligence.
What is the focus of preventative care?
Preventative care reduces and controls risk factors for disease through early detection and intervention to prevent disease progression. Routine screenings such as blood pressure checks, cancer screenings, and immunizations are examples.
Examples of health promotion include: promoting child and family nutrition, Sudden Infant Death syndrome (SIDS) education/prevention, promotion of physical activity, injury prevention campaigns, breastfeeding promotion, awareness of smoking.
What is the primary focus of primary care?
Primary care focuses on improved health outcomes and requires collaboration. It promotes education on healthy diet, smoking cessation, and exercise.
What types of facilities are considered secondary care?
Secondary care includes hospitals, urgent care, intensive care, psychiatric facilities, and rural hospitals.
What is the focus of tertiary care?
Tertiary care provides specialized intensive care in areas such as cardiology, rheumatology, dermatology, and oncology. The focus is on diagnosis and treatment of disease.
What is restorative care?
Restorative care serves patients recovering from acute or chronic illness/disability, helping individuals regain maximal function and enhance quality of life. This includes home health care and rehabilitation services.
Home health nurses provide wound care, respiratory care, vital monitoring, elimination needs, nutrition, medication administration, IV therapy, and lab studies.
What is the purpose of continuing care?
Continuing care is for people who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from internal disease, providing availability in institutional settings or at home.
What are some examples of continuing care services?
Examples of continuing care services include hospice, assisted living, respite care, adult day care centers, and nursing centers or facilities that provide 24-hour care.
These centers are regulated by standards set by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987.
What are Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs)?
Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are developed to coordinate care, with nurses acting as leaders and care coordinators.
What is a Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH)?
A Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) coordinates care, gathers clinical data, monitors patient outcomes, and functions as the hub for primary care providers.
What is the basic human needs model according to Maslow?
The model prioritizes physiological needs (oxygen, fluids, nutrition, body temperature, elimination, shelter) first, followed by safety and psychological needs, love and belonging, self-esteem, and lastly self-actualization.
What are specific variables that influence a patient’s view towards health?
Variables include a person’s ideas about health, attitudes about illness, correct and incorrect information, false expectations, beliefs based on myths, facts, and education.
What are internal and external variables affecting health?
Internal variables include perceptions of related illness, while external variables include accessibility to health, economic factors, visibility of health symptoms, social groups, and cultural backgrounds.
What are common risk factors that affect patient health and wellness?
Common risk factors include age, lifestyle, diabetes, high cholesterol, and genetics.
How does willingness to participate in health activities affect patient health?
Willingness to engage in health-improving activities can limit how a person’s health worsens, stays the same, or improves.
What is an example of an external risk factor?
Teens are more prone to motor vehicle accidents, which is an external risk factor.
What are the three levels of preventative care?
The three levels are primary prevention (health promotion and disease prevention), secondary prevention (treatment of existing illness), and tertiary prevention (treatment of permanent illness).
What activities are included in health promotion?
Health promotion activities include smoking cessation, walking, exercise, immunization, eating clean, and hydration.
What is primary prevention?
Primary prevention relates to health promotion and disease prevention through education, immunizations, nutrition, and physicals.
What is secondary prevention?
Secondary prevention involves treating illness that is already present and maintaining health to prevent worsening or complications.
What is tertiary prevention?
Tertiary prevention refers to treatment within permanent and irreversible illness or disease, such as rehabilitation or long-term care.
