Chapters 35 & 37

Question 1

What does a root system provide to plants?

Answer 1

H2O and minerals

Question 2

What does the shoot system provide?

Answer 2

CO2 and sunlight

Question 3

Could a plant exist if it only had one of the two systems?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Three functions of roots

Answer 4

Anchors a plant in soil
Absorbs minerals and H2O
Storage

Question 5

Difference between a taproot and lateral roots?

Answer 5

Taproot-1 main vertical root

Lateral roots-branch off of taproots

Question 6

Root hairs provide lots of ____ for the diffusion of water and minerals?

Answer 6

Surface area

Question 7

Stems help position leaves to increase their exposure to ____

Answer 7

Sunlight

Question 8

Difference between axillary and apical buds?

Answer 8

Axillary-off to the side

Apical-at the top

Question 9

Apical dominance helps a plant grow ____ which is useful if it’s in the ____

Answer 9

Taller, shade

Question 10

Leaf diagram

Answer 10

See chapter notes

Question 11

A waxy cuticles on most above ground surfaces helps prevent ____

Answer 11

Water loss

Question 12

Xylem carries ____ in what direction?

Answer 12

Water, upward

Question 13

Phloem carries ____ in what direction?

Answer 13

Sugar, downward

Question 14

List soil textures from biggest to smallest

Answer 14

Sand, silt, clay

Question 15

Soil consists of layers called

Answer 15

Horizons

Question 16

The A Horizon, which contains both mineral particles and partially decomposed organic matter, is called

Answer 16

Topsoil

Question 17

Partially decomposed matter is called

Answer 17

Humus

Question 18

Soil with equal contributions from all three particle sizes, and is best for growing plants, is called

Answer 18

Loam

Question 19

Most soil particles are ____ charged

Answer 19

Negatively

Question 20

Ions that stick to soil particles are protected from being lost through the process of ____ as water moves through the soil

Answer 20

Leaching

Question 21

Process of being washed out of the soil

Answer 21

Leaching

Question 22

These ions are transferred between soil particles and the soil solution in the process of

Answer 22

Cation exchange

Question 23

Four advantages of soil that’s high in organic matter

Answer 23

Holds onto water
Holds onto nutrients
Organic matter releases nutrients as it breaks down
Good texture for roots to grow through

Question 24

_____ agriculture protects both the environment and the livelihood of farmers

Answer 24

Sustainable

Question 25

Worldwide agriculture accounts for ____% or human water use

Answer 25

75

Question 26

The 3 mineral nutrients found in most fertilizers are

Answer 26

Nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus

Question 27

Plowing speeds up the process of ____ by both water and wind

Answer 27

Erosion

Question 28

Type of farming which reduces erosion

Answer 28

No-till farming

Question 29

Required for the plant to complete its life cycle

Answer 29

Essential element

Question 30

How do you know if an element is an essential element for a particular plant?

Answer 30

Try to grow a plant with all other elements except that one and see if it completes its life cycle

Question 31

9 macronutrients

Answer 31

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, magnesium, calcium

Question 32

Diagram of a plant

Answer 32

See chapter notes