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Bio > Chapter 53 > Flashcards

Chapter 53 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the number of individuals per unit area or volume

A

Density

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2
Q

A pattern of spacing among individuals within boundaries of a population

A

Dispersion

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3
Q

Under what circumstances would ecologists use the mark and recapture method?

A

When studying individuals who move around

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4
Q

Population density is determined through ____ and ____

A

Birth and immigration

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5
Q

Population density is determined by losses through

A

Deaths and emigration

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6
Q

Common patterns of dispersion

A

Clumped
Uniform
Random

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7
Q

Individuals or the same species born at the same time

A

Cohort

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8
Q

A plot of the proportion or numbers in a cohort still alive at each age

A

Survivorship curve

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9
Q

Three types of survivorship curves

A

See chapter notes

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10
Q

Exponential growth equation

A

Dn/dt=rmaxN

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11
Q

Exponential growth graph

A

See chapter notes

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12
Q

The max population size that a particular environment can sustain

A

Carrying capacity

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13
Q

Equation for logistic population growth

A

dN/dt=rmaxN(K-N)/K

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14
Q

If a population is very small then (K-N)/K is approximately equal to what?

A

1

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15
Q

If a population reaches its carrying capacity, then (K-N)/K equals what?

A

0

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16
Q

Logistic population growth graph

A

See chapter notes

17
Q

Individuals may have a more difficult time surviving or reproducing if the population size is too small

A

Alee effect

18
Q

The traits that affect an organisms schedule of reproduction and survived

A

Life history

19
Q

Single large reproduction event

A

Semelparity

20
Q

Repeated reproduction

A

Iteroperity

21
Q

What kind of environment favors semelparity

A

Desert

22
Q

What type of survivorship curve is likely associated with semelparity?

A

3

23
Q

What type of curve is associated with iteroparity?

A

1

24
Q

Organisms face trade offs between reproduction and

A

Survival

25
Q

Organisms face trade offs between number and

A

Size

26
Q

Under what circumstances does an organism face K-selection?

A

Factors that select for high carrying capacity
Large
Favor offspring with more parental supervision

27
Q

Density independent causes of death

A

Drought, stress, fire, etc..

28
Q

Name four density dependent causes of death

A

Disease
Predators
Competition for resources
Toxic waste products

29
Q

Are populations stable over time

A

No

30
Q

Predator prey population relationship

A

See chapter notes

31
Q

Multiple populations connected by immigration and emigration

A

Metapopulation

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