Chapters 28-30 Flashcards
Social Gospel
a reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to deman better housing and living conditions for the urban poor, linked with settlement house movement, brought immigrants and middle class whites together.
Muckrakers
exposed a ton of corruption in America, helped call for reform, exposed child labor, slavers, business manipulation of government, and illegal deeds of trust.
Initiative
progressive reform measure allowing voters to have a law placed on the general ballot, brought democracy directly to the people.
Referendum
progressive reform procedure allowing voters to place a bill on the ballot for the final approach, even after it passed legislation.
Recall
progressive ballot allowing voters to remove elected officials from office.
Australian Ballot
system that allows voters privacy in marking their ballot choices, introduced to US to counteract the bosses forcing people to vote a certain way.
Muller v. Oregon
Louis D Brandeis convinces Supreme Court to accept constitutionality of limiting the hours of women workers.
Lochner v. New York
happened before Muller v. Oregon, invalidated state law establishing a ten hour day for bakers, held right to free contract.
Woman’s Temperance Union
didn’t want people to drink alcohol, used women’s superior morality as a rallying point for prohibition.
Elkins Act
Law passed by Congress to impose penalties on railroads that offered rebates and customers who accepted them
Meat Inspection Act
followed Sinclair’s novel, subjected all meat to pass federal inspection.
Pure Food and Drug Act
Inspect and regulate the labeling of all foods and drugs that humans were going to use.
Hetch Hetchy Valley
allowed San Francisco to build a dam here, hurt preservationists.
Dollar Diplomacy
policy of supporting US investments and political interests abroad, applied financing of railways in China, then it spread around, founded by Taft.
Payne-Aldrich Bill
originally to lower tariff, got revised a lot, retained high rates on imports, Taft pissed off the progressive wing by passing the bill.
Henry Demarest Lloyd
went against Standard Oil Company, in his book Wealth Against the Commonwealth
Thorstein Veblen
assailed the new rich, wrote the Theory of the Leisure Class, a savage attack on wealth and consumption, making money for the sake of making money, rather than creating goods to satisfy needs, pass positions of power onto useful engineers.
Jacob A. Riis
wrote the Other Half Livers, wrote all about the dirt, disease and misery in the New York Slums.
Robert M. La Follette
progressive governor of Wisconsin, wrested control of powerful companies from corrupt people, regulated public utilities.
Hiram W. Johnson
progressive Oregon governor, broke the grip out of the Southern Pacific Railroad, set up a system for the people.
Florence Kelley
State of Illinois’s first chief factory inspector, leading advocate for factory improvement, took control of National Consumers League, safeguard women and children in the work place.
Frances E. Willard
founded the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, very anti saloon, tried to limit all the drinking.
Glifford Pinchot
head of the Federal Division of Forestry, wilderness was a waste, wanted to use the resources diligently, criticized Taft
Root of the Movement
fought the monopoly, corruption, and inefficiency of big business, use the government for welfare, the people were suffering, Demarest, Lloyd, Veblens, Riis, and Dreiser all wrote book about struggling nature for the poor, socialism stemmed from the immigrants
National Progressivism
led by TR, wanted to curb monopolies, improve the common person’s life, give power to the people, getting rid of corruption, place laws on ballots of the approval of the people, thrived in the citites, directly elected senators, woman also gained more rights, believed women would add higher morality to politics.
Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal
control of corporations, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources, led to the creation of the Department of Commerce and Labor.
Progressive Foreign Policy
followed dollar diplomacy, try to support American interests, in other countries.
Conservationists
TR thought it should wilderness should be used effectively, supported by Desert Land Act, Forest Reserve act, and Carey Act.
New Freedom
advocated by Wilson, stronger antitrust legislation, protect small businesses from bank reform, monopolies and tariffs, taking action to increase capitalist competition.
New Nationalism
state interventionist reform program devised by journalist Herbert Croly, and advocated by TR, didn’t stop trusts, instead tried to create stronger regulatory agencies to serve the public.
