Chapters 1-5 test Flashcards
Pangaea was a single supercontinent that existed when?
225 millions years ago
the appalachians were formed how long ago?
350 million years ago
north america took its basic geological shape how long ago?
10 million years ago
Canadian Shield
Massive, anchored land rock that helped shape the basic shape of North America
The Great Ice Age was how many years ago?
2 million years ago
Glaciers had what affect on North America?
- scoured topsoil
- Depressed level of Canadian Shield
- Scoured topsoil
- Formed the Great Lakes and the Mississippi
People came to America across what land bridge?
The Bering Sea Land-Bridge 35,000 years agp
Land Bridge disappeared how long ago?
10,000 years ago
What was the Staple food for the Pueblos, the Aztecs, and the Mayans
CORN
Whats was Cahokia?
Settlement created by the Mississippian Natives that housed 25,000 people
Three sister farming
System of planting that used corn, squash, and beans
Who was the famous leader of the Iroquois?
Hiawatha
Who were the first Europeans to Discover Europe?
The Norse
Europe was interested in The New World Because of
Sugar, gold, rice, and other “luxuries”
Which Explorer claimed to have journeyed China for 20 years, which wetted European appetite for exploring, and in what year?
Marco Polo (1295)
Who developed the Caravel ship?
The Portugese
Which European power was the first to explore sub saharan Africa?
the Portugese
The Portugese established trade posts with local African Tribes in order to obtain what resources?
gold and slaves
Who rounded the southern tip of “the dark Continent” and in what year?
Bartholomieu Dias 1488
Who was the first European to reach India and in what year?
Vasco de Gama 1458
When did Christopher Colombus reach the Americas?
October 12, 1492
What was the number one European killer?
Disease
Treaty of Tordesailles was between what two countries and in what year?
1492, Portugal and Spain
Who was the dominant European power in the Americas during the 1500’s?
Spain
Who discovered the Pacific Ocean?
Nunez Balboa
Who’s vessel circumnavigated the globe?
One of Magellan’s
Who explored Florida?
Juan Ponce de Leon
Who explored New Mexico, Arizona, and Kansas
Francisco Coronado
Where were the “West Indies”
The Caribbeans
What did Spain use the West Indies for?
As bases for men, horses, and storing supplies
Encomienda
Slave system in which the government gives away slaves if the masters promise to convert the slaves
Who sailed from Cuba to Mexico in order to plunder the Incans?
Hernando Cortes
Who was the famous leaders of the Aztecs?
Moctezuma
What is the “Sad Night”?
The Spanish get attacked by the Aztecs
Spanish created fortresses to
fortify their borders, protect themselves from other nations, and to convert more natives
What was The Battle of Acoma?
Spanish against Pueblo
What was Popes Rebellion?
Pueblo people fighting the Catholic Church
Who did the French send down the Mississippi?
Robert de la Salle
Who started the string of Spanish missions up the Californian Coast?
Father Junipero Serra in San Diego
Black Legend
European Reputation that all Europeans do is kill and steal from Natives
Protestant Reformation
King Henry VIII breaks away from Catholic Church as a Protestant. Protestant vs. Catholic conflicts begin
Sir Francis Drake
English Pirate who plunders Spanish ships and brings back fortune to England
Roanoke Island
Colonized by Sir Walter Raleigh. Later it mysteriously vanishes.
The Protestant Wind
130 Spanish ships get destroyed by English Navy, they are then scattered by a strong storm
What depression in a trade left to thousands of english poor and homeless?
Woolen Trade Depression
Primogeniture
Only Eldest Sons Inherited wealth and land
Joint Stock Company
Company in which its capital was made up of a pool of investors’ money
Virginia Company
Joint Stock Company that received charter from King James I to settle new World
Jamestown
founded May 24, 1607
John Smith
Lead the diseased Virginians to fight off Natives and Survive
What was life like in early Virginia?
Massive Disease outbreaks, major casualties
Powhattans
Native Americans who had tense relationships with English colonists