Chapters 2

Question 1

Enduring tendencies to feel, think, and act in certain ways

Answer 1

Personality traits

Question 2

Tendency to locate responsibility for one’s fate within oneself

Answer 2

Internal Locus of Control

Question 3

Tendency to locate responsibility for one’s own fate in outside forces and to believe that one’s own behavior has little impact on outcomes

Answer 3

External locus of control

Question 4

The degree to which people feel good about themselves and their capabilities

Answer 4

Self esteem

Question 5

The extent to which an individual has a strong desire to perform challenging tasks well and to meet personal standards for excellence

Answer 5

Need for achievement

Question 6

The extent to which an individual is concerned about establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations, being liked, and having other people get along

Answer 6

Need for affiliation

Question 7

The extent to which an individual desires to control or influence others

Answer 7

Need for power

Question 8

What managers try to achieve through work and how they think they should behave

Answer 8

Value

Question 9

Managers’ thoughts and feelings about their specific jobs and organizations

Answer 9

Attitudes

Question 10

How managers actually feel when they are managing

Answer 10

Moods and emotions

Question 11

Lifelong goals or objectives that an individual seeks to achieve

Answer 11

Terminal value

Question 12

The terminal and instrumental values that are guiding principles in an individual’s life

Answer 12

value system

Question 13

Unwritten, informal codes of conduct that prescribe how people should act in particular situations

Answer 13

Norms

Question 14

Modes of conduct that an individual seeks to follow

Answer 14

Instrumental value

Question 15

Collection of feelings and beliefs that managers have about their current jobs

Answer 15

Job satisfaction

Question 16

Collection of feeling and belief

Answer 16

Attitudes

Question 17

Behaviors that are not required of organizational members but contribute to and are necessary for organizational efficiency, effectiveness, and competitive advantage

Answer 17

Organizational citizenship behaviors

Question 18

.The collection of feelings and beliefs that managers have about their organization as a whole

Answer 18

Organizational Commitment

Question 19

A feeling or state of mind

Answer 19

Moods

Question 20

Intense, relatively short-lived feelings

Answer 20

Emotions

Question 21

The ability to understand and manage one’s own moods and emotions and the moods and emotions of other people

Answer 21

Emotional intelligence

Question 22

Shared set of beliefs, expectations, values, norms, and work routines that influence how members of an organization relate to one another and cooperate to achieve organizational goals

Answer 22

Organizational culture

Question 23

A model that explains how personality may influence organizational culture

Founders tend to hire people who are similar to them

Answer 23

Attraction selection attrition network

Question 24

Determine how individuals enter, advance within, or leave the organization

Answer 24

Rites of passage

Question 25

Build and reinforce common bonds among organizational members

Answer 25

Rites of integrations

Question 26

Let organizations publicly recognize and reward employees’ contributions and thus strengthen their commitment to organizational values
Awards dinners, newspaper releases, employee promotions

Answer 26

Rites of enhancement

Question 27

Innovative organizational culture:
Top managers take a flexible approach and encourage the participation of subordinates.

Conservative organizational culture:
Top-down management is emphasized.

Answer 27

Planning

Question 28

Innovative _____culture:
Managers create an organic structure that is flat and decentralized.
Conservative ______culture:
Managers create a well-defined hierarchy of authority and establish clear reporting relationships.

Answer 28

Organizing

Question 29

Innovative organizational culture
Managers encourage employees to take risks and experiment and are supportive regardless of success or failure.
Conservative organizational culture
Managers use objectives and constantly monitor progress toward goals.

Answer 29

Leading

Question 30

Innovative organizational culture
Managers recognize that there are multiple, potential paths to success and that failure must be accepted in order for creativity to thrive.
Conservative organizational culture
Managers emphasize caution and maintenance of the status quo.

Answer 30

Controlling