Chapter Twelve: Texture Flashcards
When performing an alkaline wave on a client, thioglycolate is joined with what ingredient to create a waving lotion:
ammonia
The main ingredient found in an acid wave is:
glycerol monothioglycolate
The chemical phase of perms does NOT involve:
wrapping hair around the perm tool
The two basic wrapping techniques for perming are called the overlap (croquignole) and:
spiral
Type of perm rob used to achieve uniform curls:
straight
With concave rods the hair on both ends must travel father than the hair in the center to make one complete turn around the rod, creating a:
wider and more spiraling pattern on the ends
In the perm procedure, proper end paper techniques will eliminate crimps or:
fishhooks on the ends of the hair
Which description identifies the end paper placement of the bookend technique used during perm wrapping:
one end paper folded in half
When using the double paper (double flat) technique, the first end paper is positioned under the strand past the ends of the hair, and the second paper is placed on top of the strand and:
slightly past the first end paper
Water left in the end papers after rinsing the perm solution will dilute the neutralizer and:
weaken the curl formation
The size of the base and the angle at which the hair is projected while wrapping determines the:
tool postion
To create the most volume, which tool postion should be used?
on base
On-base control is not recommended for alkaline perms since expansion is limited at the base and:
tension may cause breakage
Which tool position results in no curl at the scalp and a minimal degree of volume?
off base
Zonal patterns, or partial perms, are designed to:
position new texture texture only where it is desired
In addition to tension and perm solution what do acid waves use to perform the processing action?
heat
Skipping rods when applying perm solution could cause:
inconsistent curl formation
Step that might be required when perming resistant hair:
longer processing time
NOT one of the main ingredients found in most neutralizers:
potassium
A neutralizer rebonds and restores the disulfide bonds in addition to:
reduces the swelling caused by the alkalinity
To remove all chemicals after the hair has been neutralized the hair needs to be:
rinsed
What is considered to be the range of pH for alkaline waves?
8.0 to 9.5
The alkalinity of cold waves causes the hair fiber to soften and:
swell
Alkaline perms produce faster processing times and:
stronger curl
NOT true about acid perms:
better for use on resistant hair
Determines the processing time and proper perm solution:
the texture, elasticity and porosity of the client’s hair
The more porous hair is:
The less resistant it is to absorbing perm solution
NOT the meaning of porosity:
the hair’s ability to stretch
To equalize the porosity of highly porous hair it may be necessary to use what product:
pre-wrap product
``The hair’s ability to stretch and return to it’s original shape is called:
elasticity
Hair is generally referred to as fine, medium or coarse when analyzing what classification?
texture
Applied to a client’s hairline prior to a perm service to protect the skin:
protective cream
Hair density does not always correspond to:
texture
What determines the size and shape of the new curl configuration:
perm rod size
True or False: hair that has been colored cannot be permed
false
Before perming, identify if the hair has been tinted, bleached, highlighted/frosted or:
previously permed
If perm solution comes in contact with the client’s eyes or skin, what action should be taken?
rinse thoroughly with hot water
Prior to performing a preliminary test curl, hair should be shampooed and:
gently towel dried
What ingredient in color products could cause uneven curls, discoloration and hair breakage?
metallic salt
When performing a metallic test, immerse at least 20 strands of hair in the prepared mixture for:
30 minutes
After completing a service it is important to update the client’s:
record card
What is the most likely cause of underprocessed hair?
perm solution not left on the hair long enough
What could be the cause of weak or limp curls?
underprocessing
Overprocessed hair could be indicated by hair that is:
curly when wet and frizzy when dry
Hair wound on rods with too much tension may cause:
breakage or dryness
What could be the cause of a perm not lasting as long as expected?
incomplete neutralization
NOT a basic relaxer service:
acid
Sodium hydroxide relaxers are also known as:
lye relaxers
A sodium hydroxide relaxer service should not be performed on what hair conditions?
hair that has been bleached
What product should NOT be applied to hair that has been previously permed with ammonium thioglycolate:
sodium hydroxide
Determines the processing time and proper relaxer strength to use?
texture, elasticity and porosity
What does the porosity of the hair affect when working with a chemical relaxer?
processing time
When performing a chemical relaxing procedure on porous hair, choose a product labeled:
mild
A pull test is performed to check for what condition:
elasticity
What is the shape of a tightly curled hair follicle?
elliptical
What is the optimum percent of natural curl pattern to remove when relaxing?
85%
What is used to protect the scalp and hairline from caustic chemicals?
base cream
The primary method for applying the relaxer chemical is with a:
brush
How far away from the scalp should a virgin relaxer be applied:
1/4” to 1/2”
Virgin sodium hydroxide relaxers may be applied 1/4” to 1/2” away from the scalp because body heat from the scalp will:
allow it to spread upward toward the scalp
To protect previously treated hair from the chemical product when performing a relaxer retouch service, what should be applied:
protective cream
Super strength relaxer is used for which of the following hair conditions?
tightly curled, coarse-textured hair
Which relaxer strength would be used on healthy, color-treated, fine-textured or porous hair?
mild
Test performed during a relaxer technique to determine if the proper amount of relaxation has occurred?
comb test
During a chemical relaxer procedures, if the hair is tested with the back of the comb and there is a minimal amount of indentation, or if the curl pattern reverts or beads, what step may be required?
additional smoothing
An acid-balanced neutralizing shampoo or stabilizer is used after the hair is free of chemicals to:
reharden the hair
Description that does NOT identify a step when performing a thermal reconditioning:
reform to produce a new curl pattern around perm tools
Rearrangers are used during a curl reformation process to reduce the natural curl, What is the main ingredient found in rearrangers?
ammonium thioglycolate
The rod diameter chosen should be at least how many times larger than the diameter of the natural curl pattern:
two
During a curl reforming service, what size parting should be used?
thinner than normal
What should be applied to the hair to restore protein or moisture lost during a chemical process?
protein and/or moisturizing conditioner
The function of a curl activator is to provide moisture and:
help retain shape of a new curl configuration
Why should brushing the hair before any chemical service be avoided?
prevents scalp irritations
If curl reforming is desired, cut off all hair previously treated with what?
sodium hydroxide
NOT a step taken when performing a virgin sodium hydroxide relaxer service:
pre-shampoo the client’s hair
What is used to protect the scalp and hairline from the sodium hydroxide relaxer product?
base cream
A virgin thio relaxer service may be performed after:
a light shampoo
One of the causes for breakage in the nape after a relaxer service is due to:
improper rinsing
