Chapter Fourteen: The Study of Nails

Question 1

Considered appendages of the skin:

Answer 1

nails

Question 2

The primary purpose of the free edge of the nail is to:

Answer 2

protect the tip of the finger and/or toe

Question 3

The folds of skin on either side of the nail groove are called the:

Answer 3

nail wall

Question 4

The lunula is the point where the:

Answer 4

nail matrix and nail bed meet

Question 5

The nail structure that overlaps the lunula at the base of the nail:

Answer 5

eponychium

Question 6

The loose and pliable overlapping skin around the nail:

Answer 6

cuticle

Question 7

Tissue that generates cells that harden as they move outward from the root to the nail is called the:

Answer 7

matrix

Question 8

Attached at the base of the nail, under the skin and inside the mantle:

Answer 8

nail root

Question 9

Deep pocket like area that holds the root and the matrix of the nail:

Answer 9

mantle

Question 10

Nail structure consisting of many nerves and blood vessels that supply nourishment:

Answer 10

nail bed

Question 11

The nail is attached to the bone by:

Answer 11

ligaments

Question 12

The tracks on either side of the nail that the nail moves on as it grows:

Answer 12

grooves

Question 13

The skin that touches, overlaps and surrounds the nail:

Answer 13

peronychium

Question 14

The skin under the free edge nail:

Answer 14

hyponychium

Question 15

NOT an indication of decreasing rate of nail growth

Answer 15

summer

Question 16

The growth of a new nail plate take about:

Answer 16

4 to 6 months

Question 17

Permanent distortion can occur if the nail is lost due to trauma and:

Answer 17

when the nail bed and the matrix are injured

Question 18

The average growth rate of nails in adults:

Answer 18

1/8 inch per month

Question 19

Any disease, disorder or condition of the nail:

Answer 19

onychosis

Question 20

Nails with a sign of disease require:

Answer 20

referral to a physician

Question 21

A healthy nail is smooth, curved, translucent, pinkish in color and:

Answer 21

is without hollows or wavy ridges

Question 22

Technical name for ringworm of the nail:

Answer 22

onychomycosis

Question 23

Tinea pedis appears as itching and peeling of the skin on the feet and must be:

Answer 23

referred to a physician

Question 24

nail disease NOT caused by fungus

Answer 24

onychatrophia

Question 25

NOT a cause of paronychia:

Answer 25

systemic disease

Question 26

Onychia is an inflammation of the:

Answer 26

nail matrix

Question 27

Systemic, long term illness or nervous disturbance can cause:

Answer 27

spoon nails

Question 28

Vertical lines down the nail plate that may be caused by illness or injury:

Answer 28

furrows

Question 29

An increased curvature of the nail indicates:

Answer 29

onychogryposis

Question 30

The disorder in which the nail grows into the edge of the nail grooves causing ingrown nails:

Answer 30

onychocryptosis

Question 31

Trimming toenails straight across can help avoid:

Answer 31

ingrown toenails

Question 32

Another name for onychauxis:

Answer 32

hypertrophy

Question 33

Thickening of the nail plate or an abnormal outgrowth of the nail:

Answer 33

onychauxis

Question 34

Condition when the cuticle becomes overly dry and splits:

Answer 34

hangnail

Question 35

Blood trapped under the nail;

Answer 35

bruised nail

Question 36

Small white spots in the nail which may be caused by an injury:

Answer 36

euconychia

Question 37

Pterygium of the nail can occur at either the hyponychium or at the:

Answer 37

eponychium

Question 38

Correct response if a client has signs of onychophagy:

Answer 38

offer to perform a weekly service, including polish

Question 39

Condition caused by nervous habit:

Answer 39

onychophagy

Question 40

Improper filing, injuries or harsh chemicals could be the cause of:

Answer 40

split nails

Question 41

Onychorrhexis is a term indicating:

Answer 41

split or brittle nails

Question 42

Nail condition caused by trapped moisture with a yellow-green discoloration that turns black and begins to smell bad:

Answer 42

nail fungus

Question 43

Discoloration of the nail can indicate a serious problem in the:

Answer 43

nail bed

Question 44

When discovering nail fungus on a clients hands or feet the salon professional needs to:

Answer 44

refer client to a physician

Question 45

When determining the shape of a client's nails:

Answer 45

enhance the client's natural nail shape

Question 46

Shortens, shapes and smooths rough edges of natural nails:

Answer 46

emery board

Question 47

Used to remove nail stains:

Answer 47

nail bleach

Question 48

The function of a nail dryer:

Answer 48

aid in fast drying and protection from being sticky or dull

Question 49

The finger bowl should contain warm water and:

Answer 49

liquid soap

Question 50

The wattage for a bulb in a lamp used for close detail work:

Answer 50

40 watt

Question 51

Proper disinfecting procedure for implements folling a manicure:

Answer 51

wash implements with soap and water before placing in disinfectant:

Question 52

How often the soaking solution for the finger bowl be replaced:

Answer 52

after every client

Question 53

Implements involved in a blood spill incident should be:

Answer 53

disinfected with a broad spectrum disinfectant

Question 54

When removing polish from the nails, work from:

Answer 54

base to tip

Question 55

When to offer a hand massage during a manicure:

Answer 55

prior to painting the nails

Question 56

During a manicure you must remove any traces of oil, lotion or cream:

Answer 56

before applying the base coat

Question 57

Nail polish should be applied:

Answer 57

using light sweeping strokes

Question 58

What should you use to remove excess polish at the edge of the nail:

Answer 58

an orangewood stick wrapped in cotton with the tip saturated in polish remover

Question 59

Nail polish should be applied:

Answer 59

over the base coat

Question 60

While massaging during a pedicure apply pressure to the muscular tissue on either side of the:

Answer 60

the shinbone

Question 61

Brittle nails or dry, aging hands could receive benefit from:

Answer 61

hot oil or cream manicuring

Question 62

Following an acrylic nail service, brushes should be cleaned:

Answer 62

in brush cleaner

Question 63

Avoid acetone polish remover on:

Answer 63

plastic nail tips

Question 64

How much of the nail bed should a nail tip cover:

Answer 64

1/3 to 1/2

Question 65

A dehydrant is used to help remove moisture and oil and to prevent the growth of:

Answer 65

bacteria

Question 66

When should a dehydrating product be applied to the nail during a service?

Answer 66

before applying a nail form

Question 67

After applying the primer during a sculptured nail service, you should:

Answer 67

avoid touching the nail

Question 68

Re-balancing the nail during a fill-in nail service means to file and buff the nail to blend:

Answer 68

remaining acrylic to new growth area

Question 69

If a nail fungus is found prior to performing a fill in nail service, what steps would be taken:

Answer 69

remove the artificial nail