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Cosmetology > Chapter Five: Chemistry > Flashcards

Chapter Five: Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Anything that occupies space:

A

matter

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2
Q

NOT an example of physical change:

A

rusting of a nail

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3
Q

Melting ice and boiling water is what type of change?

A

physical

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4
Q

Atoms make up elements. Elements make up matter, all matter is made up of:

A

atoms

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5
Q

All matter that is living or once living contains carbon and deals with:

A

organic chemistry

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6
Q

Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances:

A

elements

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7
Q

Atoms that are all the same form:

A

elements

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8
Q

Two or more of the same atoms joined by a chemical bond:

A

molecule

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9
Q

When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom creates water which is a:

A

compound

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10
Q

Basis of amino acids:

A

Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen

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11
Q

Created when amino acids join together in chains:

A

proteins

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12
Q

Makes up the primary composition of hair:

A

keratin

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13
Q

Bonds in hair easily broken by heart or water:

A

hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

Bonds found within hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair:

A

side bonds

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15
Q

Side bond of greatest concern to a stylist:

A

disulfide bonds

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16
Q

How human hair is formed:

A

protein chains connect to other protein chains

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17
Q

Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and contain:

A

water

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18
Q

A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ion:

A

acidic

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19
Q

pH range of skin and hair:

A

4.5

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20
Q

`pH of 5 is how many more times than a pH of 6

A

10

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21
Q

Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered:

A

neutral

22
Q

A mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed:

A

solution

23
Q

In the process of making hot chocolate. the powered chocolate represents:

A

solvent

24
Q

Mixtures of organic substances and medicinal agent:

A

ointments

25
Q

Formed when two or more non-mixable substances are united with the help of a binder:

A

emulsion

26
Q

Mixture of fats and acids by heat and then purified, fall under what classification:

A

soaps

27
Q

“Shake well before use” indicates the product is a:

A

suspension

28
Q

Cosmetic classification that requires sifting until free of coarse, gritty particles:

A

powder

29
Q

Emulsions that are generally used by stylists:

A

oil-in-water emulsions

30
Q

Means non-mixable:

A

immiscible

31
Q

Cleaning the hair and scalp without affecting them:

A

shampooing

32
Q

Primary ingredient of most shampoos:

A

deionized water

33
Q

NOT true abut surfactants:

A

prevents shampoo from lathering

34
Q

Water containing certain salts of calcium, magnesium and other metals:

A

hard water

35
Q

Purifying water by passing it through a porous substance:

A

filtration

36
Q

The pH of a client’s natural hair that has been permed, colored, sculpted and designed properly:

A

4.5 to 5.5

37
Q

Type of shampoo formulated to have the same pH as hair and skin:

A

acid-balanced shampoo

38
Q

Shampoo used to remove product build-up:

A

clarifying shampoo

39
Q

Shampoo recommended for an individual who is ill and bedridden:

A

powder dry shampoo

40
Q

Shampoo designed to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders:

A

medicated shampoo

41
Q

Shampoo containing temporary color molecules that adhere to hair and deposit color:

A

color shampoo

42
Q

Conditioner that penetrates into damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex:

A

body-building conditioner

43
Q

Main ingredient in most neutralizers:

A

hydrogen peroxide, sodium perorate or sodium bromate

44
Q

Oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, have the ability to release:

A

oxygen

45
Q

Occurs during oxidation:

A

a substance loses an electron and oxygen is acquired

46
Q

Component contained within temporary colors:

A

certified colors

47
Q

Ammonia is composed of:

A

hydrogen and nitrogen

48
Q

The change assigned to an oxidative hair color procedure:

A

chemical change

49
Q

Color molecules enter hair with the aid of:

A

an alkaline substance

50
Q

Used to determine a bottle of hydrogen peroxide is still potent:

A

hydrometer

51
Q

Responsible for distribution of MSDS:

A

manufacturer

Cosmetology (15 decks)

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