Chapter Thirteen

Question 0

James-Lange Theory

Answer 0

The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli

Question 1

Emotion

Answer 1

A response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience

Question 2

Cannon-Bard Theory

Answer 2

The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion

Question 3

Two-Factor Theory

Answer 3

Schachter-Singer’s theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal

Question 4

Negative emotions show more activity in the ______________, while positive emotions show more activity in the ______________.

Answer 4

Right prefrontal cortex / right frontal lobe ; left frontal lobe

Question 5

Nucleus Accumbens

Answer 5

Cluster of neurons near the frontal lobes of each hemisphere. Plays an important role in laughter, addiction, happiness, aggression, and fear. Activates when people experience natural and drug induced pleasure.

Question 6

Spill Over Effect

Answer 6

When our arousal response to one event “spills over” into our response to following events

Question 7

Arousal ________ emotion; cognition ________ it.

Answer 7

Fuels ; channels

Question 8

Are men or women better at reading people’s emotions?

Answer 8

Women

Question 9

Facial Feedback Effect

Answer 9

Occurs when expressions amplify our emotions; when told to frown, people get an angry feeling, while when told to smile they feel happier

Question 10

Behavior Feedback Phenomenon

Answer 10

Motions affect our emotions; shuffling with your eyes down can evoke negative emotions while taking long strides with your head held up can evoke positive ones

Question 11

According to Carroll Izard, how many basic emotions exist?

Answer 11

10 : joy, interest-excitement, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame, guilt

Question 12

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Answer 12

A higher-level center for processing emotion

Question 13

Which part of the brain is central to fear, carrying messages that control heat rate, sweating, stress hormones, attention, and other engines that rev up in threatening situations?

Answer 13

The amygdala

Question 14

Catharsis

Answer 14

Emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.
- highly debated

Question 15

Feel-good, Do-good Phenomenon

Answer 15

People’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood

Question 16

Subjective Well-Being

Answer 16

Self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and emotional indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.

Question 17

We _______ the duration of emotions and _________ our capacity to adapt

Answer 17

Overestimate ; underestimate

Question 18

Does economic growth in affluent countries provide an apparent boost to morale or social well-being?

Answer 18

Nah

Question 19

Adaptation-Level Phenomenon

Answer 19

Our tendency to form judgments (of light, of sounds, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience

Question 20

Relative Deprivation

Answer 20

The perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself.