Chapter Six Flashcards
Cocktail Party Effect
Form of Selective Attention
Ability to attend to only one voice among many
Selective Attention
The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
Inattentional Blindness
Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere
Change Blindness
Failure to notice changes in surroundings when attention is focused on something else
Change Deafness
Failure to notice a change in the speaker or speaking when attention is focused on something else like the words
Choice Blindness
Failure to notice that, when you choose something, you are shown something entirely different
Choice Blindness Blindness
Saying that you’d totally notice if you were shown what you didn’t choose (but most people don’t)
Pop-Out
When a strikingly distinct stimulus catches your attention
Visual Capture
The tendency for vision to dominate the other senses
Gestalt (German for “form” or “whole”)
An organized whole. Gestalt psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
Illusion
A perception, as of visual stimuli (optical illusion), that represents what is perceived in a way different from reality
Figure-Ground
The organization of the visual field into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surroundings (the ground)
Grouping
The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
Proximity
Grouping nearby figures together
Similarity
Grouping figures that are similar to each other
Continuity
Perception of smooth, continuous patterns rather than discontinuous ones
Connectedness
Perceiving uniform and linked figures as a single unit
Closure
Filling in gaps to create a complete, whole image
Depth Perception
The ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two dimensional; allows us to judge distance
Visual Cliff
A laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals