Chapter - Sleep disorders and CBT-I

Question 1

True or False
Insomnia increases risk of depression?

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

True or False
Sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of stroke

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

True or False
Sleep deprivation is associated with higher pain sensitivity

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

True or False
Sleep deprivation may be associated with weight problems

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

What are the 2 physiological clocks for sleep?

Answer 5

1. The homeostatic process –> Process S –> Sleep pressure
2. The circadian process –> Process C –> wakefulness pressure

Question 6

True or False
Are Sleep stages the same as Sleep cycles?

Answer 6

FALSE
Sleep cycles are not. They last ~90 minutes

Question 8

What happens to your body temperature during the night? melatonin secretion and cortisol secretions?

Answer 8

• Body temperature increases as we go through the night and then decreases throughout the night
  Melatonin secreted when its dark outside
• Increased levels of cortisol in the morning and then it decreases throughout the night to make us fall asleep

Question 9

What is the difference between sleep deprivation and insomnia?

Answer 9

Sleep deprivation:
- Drowsiness
- Falling asleep very quickly
-Sleep hyigiene tips can assist
-Make sleep a priority

Insomnia:
- Being awake when you want to sleep
- Sleep hygiene tips might not be sufficient
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is recommended

Question 10

What is a polysomnography?

Answer 10

• Sleep exam to identify sleep disorders:
  -EOG
  -EMG
  -EEG
  -Cardiac rythms
  -Breathing

Question 11

What is insomnia?

Answer 11

Difficulties falling asleep, staying asleep and or-early awakenings without the possiblity to go back to sleep
- Sleeping pills vs CBT-I
- Acute vs Chronic

Question 12

What are some sleep probblems with patients?

Answer 12

1. Awakening during the night
2. Feeling drowziness during the day
3. Sleep quality
4. Individual differences in sleep needs and timing

Question 13

What is Sleep Apnea?

Answer 13

• Makes people stop breathing for short periods of time during sleep
• May cause eccessive daytime sleepiness
  -May be associated with long-term cognitive problems when underdiagnosed and undertreated

Question 14

What can increase the risk of developing sleep apnea?

Answer 14

• Menopause
  -Aging
  -Weight gain
  -Stroke
  -Pregnancy

Question 15

What is bruxism?

Answer 15

-Grinding of teeth during sleep
- May lead to tooth enamel wear
- May cause pain and heaches upon waking and during the day

• Woman more likely to grind their teeth dueing the same and during the night its both men and women

Question 16

What is restless leg syndrome

Answer 16

An unpleasant sensation in the legs that occurs at the end of the day/night time and worsens in the evening
- Usually walking or moving can temporarily supress the sensations which may prevent the person from falling asleep-Happens more to pregnant ladies or people with low iron

Question 17

Periodic limb movement

Answer 17

• Stereotyped movement of the legs (for example every 10 sec) during sleep
• Cane interfere with sleeps and needs to be discussed with physician
• Can be examined via polysomnography

Question 18

REM sleep behavior Disorder (RBD)

Answer 18

• Commonly found in older men
  -The loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep
• Can become violent during sleep, nightmares of being attacked, safety issue for thebed partner
  -Can be a precursor

Question 19

What are the 3 elements in the viscious cycle of insomnia?

Answer 19

Negative thoughts, negative behaviours, negative emotions

Question 20

True or False
Is CBT-I the first treatment given for patients suffering insomnia?

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

After how many minutes of should you get off your bed kif you are not sleeping?

Answer 21

Should not stay in bed for more than 30 minutes

Question 22

What are sleep hygiene examples?

Answer 22

o Melatonin
o Sleeping pills
o Stimulant
o Alcohol
o Canabis
o Over the counter medication
o Screens and blue light
o Exercise