Chapter SEVEN Flashcards
What is the primary duty of a phlebotomist?
-to collect blood specimens for laboratory testing
What are the methods of blood collection?
- arterial puncture
- capillary puncture
- venipuncture
List the general blood collection equipment and supplies:
- blood-drawing stations
- phlebotomy chairs
- equipment carriers
- gloves and glove liners
- antiseptics
- disinfectants
- hand sanitizers
- gauze pads/cotton balls
- bandages
- needle and sharps disposal containers
- slides
- pen
- watch
What safety organizations require the wearing the gloves when performing phlebotomy?
- CDC/HICPAC
* OSHA
List the different types of gloves that acceptable for most phlebotomy procedures:
- non sterile
- disposable latex
- nitrile
- neoprene
- polyethylene
- vinyl examination gloves
Glove powder can be a source of what ?
- contamination for some tests (especially those collected by skin puncture)
- allergies
What safety organization regulates glove quality?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Antiseptics are substances used to prevent what?
Sepsis, the presence of microorganisms or their toxic products in the bloodstream
What are the antiseptics used in blood collection?
- 70% Ethyl alcohol
- 70% isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol)
- benzalkonium chloride (e.g., Zephiran chloride)
- chlorhexidine gluconate
- hydrogen peroxide
- povidone-iodine (0.1–1% available iodine)
- tincture of iodine
(T or F)
Disinfectants are EPA regulated chemical substances
TRUE
What is the ratio of dilution recommended for decontaminating nonporous surface after cleaning up blood or other body fluid spills in patient-care settings?
1:100
What is the ratio of dilution recommended application prior to cleanup when spills involve large amounts of blood or other body fluids occur in the laboratory?
1:10
When should fresh bleach solutions be made?
-daily or as needed
Adhesive bandages should not be used on who and why?
- babies younger than 2
- danger of aspiration and suffocation
What size are the precleaned glass microscope slides and what are they used for?
- 25 X 75-mm
- used to make blood films for hematology determinations
List the venipuncture equipment:
- Vein-locating devices
- tourniquet
- needles
- evacuated tube system (ETS)
- syringe system
- winged infusion set
- combination system
What are the types of needles used in phlebotomy?
- multisample needles
- hypodermic needles
- winged infusion (butterfly) needles
Which needles are enclosed in sealed twist off shields or covers?
Multisample needles
Which needles are sealed in sterile pull-apart packages?
- hypodermic needles
- butterfly needles
What are the parts of a needle?
- bevel
- shaft
- hub
- lumen
What makes the needle diameter and the gauge have an inverse opposite relationship?
-the larger the gauge number, the smaller the actual diameter of the needle
Since blood typically flows more quickly through larger-diameter needles, needle gauge is selected according to what?
- size and condition of the patients vein
- type of procedure
- equipment being used
Common venipuncture needle gauges come in what sizes?
- 15-17
- 18
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
(15-18 , 20-25)
15-17 needle gauge is what type of needle and what is it used for?
Needle type: special needle attached to collection bag
Typical use: collection of donor units, autologous blood donation, and therapeutic phlebotomy
18 needle gauge is what type of needle and what is it used for?
Needle type: syringe
Typical use: used primarily as a transfer needle rather than for blood collection; safety issues have diminished use
20 needle gauge is what type of needle and what is it used for?
Needle type: multisample syringe
Typical use: sometimes used when large-volume tubes are collected or large-volume syringes are used on patients with normal-sized veins
21 needle gauge is what type of needle and what is it used for?
(Green)
Needle type: multisample syringe
Typical use: considered the standard venipuncture needle for routine venipuncture on patients with normal veins or syringe blood culture collection
22 needle gauge is what type of needle and what is it used for?
Needle type: multisample syringe
Typical use: used on older children and adult patients with small veins or syringe draws on difficult veins
23 needle gauge is what type of needle and what is it used for?
(Black)
Needle type: butterfly
Typical use: veins of infants and children and difficult or hand veins of adults
What is the length of a multisample needle?
1-inch or 1.5-inch
What is the length of syringe needles?
Many lengths; 1-inch and 1.5-inch ones are most commonly used
What are the lengths of butterfly needles?
Typically 1/2 to 3/4 of an inch long