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Phlebotomy > Chapter 7 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Acid citrate dextrose

ACD

A

An additive used in the collection of blood specimens for immunohematology tests such as DNA testing and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping used in paternity evaluation and to determine transplant compatibility, respectively. Acid citrate prevents coagulation by binding calcium and dextrose acts as a red blood cell nutrient and preservative by maintaining red cell viability

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2
Q

Additive

A

A substance (other than the tube stopper or coating) such as an anticoagulant, antiglycolytic agent, separator gel, preservative, or clot activator placed within a tube

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3
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A substance that prevents blood from clotting

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4
Q

Antigylcolytic agent

A

a substance that prevents glycolysis, the breakdown or metabolism of glucose (blood sugar) by blood cells. The most common antiglycolytic agent is sodium fluoride

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5
Q

Antiseptics

A

Substances used for skin cleaning that inhibit the growth of bacteria

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6
Q

Bevel

A

The point of a needle that is cut on a slant for ease of skin entry

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7
Q

Butterfly needle

A

Another name for Winged infusion set

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8
Q

Clot activator

A

A substance that enhances the coagulation process

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9
Q

Disinfectant

A

Substances or solutions that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments

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10
Q

EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid

A

An anticoagulant that prevents coagulation by bonding or cheating calcium and is used for hematology studies because it preserves cell morphology and inhibits platelet clumping

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11
Q

Evacuated tubes

A

Type of tubes used in blood collection that have a premeasured vacuum and are color-coded to denote the additive inside

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12
Q

Gauge

A

A number that related to the diameter of the linen of a needle

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13
Q

Glycolysis

A

The breakdown or metabolism of glucose (blood sugar) by blood cells

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14
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant that prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin formation

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15
Q

Hub

A

The end of the needle that attaches to the blood collection device; also the threaded end of a tube holder where the needle attaches

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16
Q

Hypodermic needle

A

The type of needle used with the syringe system

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17
Q

Lumen

A

The internal space of a blood vessel or tube

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18
Q

Multisample needle

A

A type of needle that allows multiple tubes to be collected with a single venipuncture

19
Q

Order of draw

A

A special sequence of tube collection that is intended to minimize additive carryover or cross-contamination problems

20
Q

Potassium oxalate

A

An anticoagulant commonly used with the antiglycolytic agent sodium fluoride

21
Q

PST

A

Plasma separator tubes

22
Q

Shaft

A

The long cylindrical portion of a needle

23
Q

Sharps container

A

Special puncture-resistant, leakproof, disposable container used to dispose of used needles, lancets, and other sharp objects

24
Q

Silica

A

Glass particles used to enhance the coagulation process; a clot activator

25
Q

Sodium citrate

A

An anticoagulant that prevents clotting by binding calcium and is used for coagulation tests because it does the best job of preserving the coagulation factors

26
Q

Sodium fluoride

A

An additive that preserves glucose and inhibits the growth of bacteria

27
Q

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate

SPS

A

An anticoagulant used in blood culture collection that also reduces the action of a protein called complement that destroys bacteria, slows down phagocytosis (ingestion of bacteria by leukocytes), and reduces the activity of certain antibiotics

28
Q

SST

A

Serum separator tubes

29
Q

Thixotropic gel

A

An inert (non reacting) synthetic gel substance in some ETS tubes (e.g., SST, PST, and PPT) that prevents blood cells from continuing to metabolize substances in the serum or plasma by forming a psychical barrier between the cells and serum or plasma when the specimen is centrifuged

30
Q

Tube additive

A

Any substance placed within a tube other than the tube stopper or the coating of the tube

31
Q

Winged infusion set

A

A 1/2 to 3/4- inch stainless steel needle permanently connected to a 5- to 12- inch length of tubing with either a Luer attachment for syringe use or a multisample Luer adapter for use with the evacuated tube; also called a butterfly needle

32
Q

Tourniquet

A

A device (typically a flat strip of stretchable material) applied to a limb prior to venipuncture to restrict venous flow, which distends the veins and makes them easier to find and pierce with a needle

33
Q

Resheathing devices

A

Equipment such as shields that cover a needle after use

34
Q

Evacuated tube system

ETS

A

A closed system in which the patients blood flows directly into a collection tube through a needle inserted into a vein

35
Q

Tube holder

A

A clear, plastic disposable cylinder with a small threaded opening at one end where the needle is screwed into it and a large opening at the other end where an ETS collection tube is placed

36
Q

Vacuum

A

Negative pressure, or artificially created absence of air

37
Q

Short draw

A

An underfilled or partially filled tube

38
Q

Short draw tubes

A

Tubes designed to partially fill without compromising test results

39
Q

Syringe system

A

A sterile safety needle, a disposable plastic syringe, and a transfer device

40
Q

Syringe transfer device

A

A special piece of equipment used to safely transfer blood from a syringe into ETS tubes

41
Q

Barrel

A

A term for the cylindrical body if a syringe with graduated markings in either milliliters (mL) or cubic centimeters (cc)

42
Q

Plunger

A

A rodlike device that fits tightly into the barrel of a syringe and creates a vacuum when pulled back in the process of filling the syringe

43
Q

S-Monovette Blood Collection System

A

Is a complete system for blood collection in which the blood collection tube and collection apparatus are combined in a single unit. The unit allows the specimen to be collected by either an evacuated tube or syringe system technique. The units are available with regular or butterfly-style needles.

44
Q

Oxalates

A

Prevent coagulation by precipitating Calcium

Phlebotomy (15 decks)

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