chapter seven

Question 1

cisgender

Answer 1

those who stay the gender that was assigned at birth

Question 2

transgender

Answer 2

your gender identity is different from the gender that the doctor gave you when you were born

Question 3

hegemonic masculinity

Answer 3

includes; dominant, traditionally masculine traits.

Question 4

emphasized femininity

Answer 4

traditionally feminine or highly sexualized traits

Question 5

heteronormativity

Answer 5

heterosexuality is treated as if it were a neutral category against which all other forms and expressions of sexuality are measured or compared.

Question 6

cisnormativity

Answer 6

the assumption that being cisgender is a universal norm

Question 7

patriarchy

Answer 7

the dominance of masculine over feminine and the subordination of women by men in their daily lives and in society.

Question 8

1st wave of feminism

Answer 8

women deserve to be treated as people and should have rights extended to them.

Question 9

2nd wave of feminism

Answer 9

women should be able to work, reproductive rights, anti-war

Question 10

3rd wave of feminism

Answer 10

making feminism more inclusive; intersectionality/combating gender stereotypes and constructs.

Question 11

4th wave of feminism

Answer 11

combating VAW/decolonizing and making feminist theory anti-opressive/combatung sexual harassment/expanding feminisms

Question 12

Liberal feminism

Answer 12

rights based discourse- seeking rights for white/middle class women

Question 13

Socialist and/ or Marxist feminism

Answer 13

economy/class based explanations of gender inequality

Question 14

Radical feminism

Answer 14

patriarchy and the liberation of women from men’s domination is central

Question 15

gender identity

Answer 15

how you, in your head, think about yourself. Its the chemistry that composes you and how you interpret what that means.

Question 16

gender expression

Answer 16

how you demonstrate your gender through ways you act, dress, have, and interact.

Question 17

biological sex

Answer 17

refers to the objectively measurable organs, hormones, and chromosomes.

Question 18

sexual orientation

Answer 18

who you are physically, spiritually, and emotionally attracted to.

Question 19

Sexuality

Answer 19

now understood in terms of power, knowledge, institutional and political discourse

Question 20

Sex as power

Answer 20

to be sexual is to exercise power and there is always a power dynamic

Question 21

Social construct of sex/sexuality

Answer 21

control of womens bodes and reproductions, objectification of women, double standards, sex and power, sexual abuse/oppression

Question 22

sexism

Answer 22

the subordination of one sex by another

Question 23

homophobia

Answer 23

refers to the irrational fear and/or hatred of homosexuals and homosexuality

Question 24

transphobia

Answer 24

the irrational fear/ hatred of people who are trans and/or gender non confirming

Question 25

essentialism

Answer 25

the idea that people have core for essences that are natural, normal, and inevitable

Question 26

what did decoupling of gender and sexuality lead to?

Answer 26

research on sexuality as a socially constructed phenomenon

Question 27

what do social spaces show?

Answer 27

how governmentally, surveillance, and private enterprise maintain and regulate social/sexual conformity through reiterating heteronormative behaviour

Question 28

gender hegemony

Answer 28

ideological domination by elite males over others

Question 29

hegemonic masculinity

Answer 29

dominant form of masculinity in society the espouses men should be strong, assertive, aggressive, self-reliant, and free from traditional feminine characteristics.