Chapter Pediatrics

Question 1

What is PAT?

Answer 1

Pediatric Assessment Triangle:
Assess appearance, circulation of skin, and work of breathing from a distance

Question 2

Below what age do you not get a BP reading? What is a rule of thumb for average systolic BP?

Answer 2

less than 3 years.
Systolic BP should be 70 + 2 x (child age)

Question 3

What are pediatric specific airway illnesses?

Answer 3

Croup: w/ seal cough and drooling
Epiglottitis: with drooling
Pertussis: whooping cough

Question 4

What can be used in addition to adult indicators to determine shock symptoms in pediatrics?

Answer 4

Decreased urine output sunken fontanels

Question 5

What is the CHILDABUSE mnemonic for signs of child abuse?

Answer 5

Consistency of injury with the child’s developmental age
History inconsistent with injury
Inappropriate parental concerns
Lack of supervision
Delay in seeking care
Affect
Bruises of varying ages
Unusual injury patterns
Suspicious circumstances
Environmental clues

Question 6

What is ALTE?

Answer 6

Apparent Life-Threatening event
- it happened and now the baby is fine

Question 7

What is BRUE?

Answer 7

Brief resolved unexplained event
- it happened and now the baby is fine

Question 8

What indicates rapid transport for a pediatric patient?

Answer 8

Significant MOI (same for adults) + fall from height equal to or greater than pediatrics’ height & bicycle crash
History compatible with a serious illness
A physical abnormality noted during the primary assessment
A potentially serious anatomic abnormality
Significant pain
Abnormal level of consciousness, altered mental status, and or any signs and or symptoms of shock

Question 9

What should you consider when making the transport decision for a pediatric?

Answer 9

The type of clinical problem (injury vs illness)
the expected benefits of ALS treatment in the field
Local EMS system treatment and transport protocols
Your comfort level
Transport time to the hospital

Question 10

What is most indicative of decompensated shock in a pediatric?

Answer 10

Blood pressure of 70/40

Question 11

What is the most common cause of dehydration in a pediatric?

Answer 11

Vomiting and diarrhea

Question 12

What is the area of greatest injury dependent on in a child struck by a car?

Answer 12

Size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact