Chapter One Flashcards

1
Q

Two major developments that made it possible for human beings to migrate to the Western Hemisphere from Asia short response

A
  1. Ability to adapt to frigid climate (arctic circle)
  2. Change in earths climate (ICE AGE) exposing a land bridge connecting Asia to North America
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2
Q

Describe the two major adaptations the Paleo-Indians made short response

A
  1. They began to hunt smaller game
  2. Began to forage edible wild plants like roots, seeds, nuts, and berries
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3
Q

How did the adoption of bows and arrows affect Great Plains livelihoods in 500 AD short response

A
  1. They are now able to hunt from great distances and shoot prey repeatedly
  2. Easier to make, less costly heavier spear points
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4
Q

Describe the ways that Eastern Woodland cultures interacted with the natural environment. What challenges and opportunities they encountered short response

A
  1. Permanent structures
  2. Developed Agricultural techniques setting fires to promote certain plant growth and destroy plants that attacked deer and small game
  3. Eastern tribes clear land for farming
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5
Q

Isolated the Western Hemisphere from other Continents

A

Continental Drift

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6
Q

Despite variety and abundance among of animals, this is the most important food source

A

Plants

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7
Q

4000BC added two important features to their basic lifestyle

A

Pottery and Agriculture

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8
Q

Why did Anasazi abandon their Pueblo’s

A

Persistent drought in southern Utah, Colorado, and Northern Arizona

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9
Q

Largest Mississippian site

A

Cahokia in modern St Louis, Missouri, over 100 mounds

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10
Q

3 major groups

A

Algonquian, Iroquoian, Muskogean

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11
Q

Natives adapted to the natural environment

A

Adaptation

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12
Q

Multi unit dwellings, storage spaces, and ceremonial centers often called KIVAS builds by ancient Americans in the Southwest for centuries around AD 1000

A

Pueblos

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13
Q

Earthen constructions by ancient American peoples especially throughout the gigantic drainage of Ohio and Mississippi rivers after about 2500 BP they were often used to bury important leaders and to enact major ceremonies

A

Burial Mounds

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14
Q

Shaped spearheads used by Paleo-Indians and named for the place in New Mexico where they first were excavated

A

Clovis Points

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15
Q

An empire that stretched from coast to coast across central Mexico and encompassed as many as 25 million people their culture was characterized by steep hierarchy and devotion to the war god huitzilopochtli

A

Mexica

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16
Q

The largest residential and ceremonial site containing more than 600 rooms and 35 kivas, in the major Anasazi cultural center of Chaco Canyon in present day New Mexico

A

Pueblo Bonito

17
Q

Hunting gathering peoples who descended from Paleo Indians and dominated the Americas from approximately 10,000 BP to between 4000 and 3000 BP

A

Archaic Indians

18
Q

The largest ceremonial site in ancient North America located on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River thousand of inhabitants built hundreds of earthen mounds between about AD800 and 1500

19
Q

First migrants into North America and their descendants who spread across the Americas between 15000 BP and 13500 BP

A

Paleo Indians

20
Q

The land bridge between Siberia and Alaska that was exposed by the Wisconsin glaciation allowing people to migrant into the Western Hemisphere

21
Q

The goods the Mexica collected from conquered peoples, from basic food products to candidates for human sacrifice

22
Q

Hierarchical social organization headed by a chief. Archeologist think Woodland cultures were organized in this way because the construction of the burial mounds requires one person commanding labor over others

23
Q

A way of life that involved procuring game and vegetation naturally, as opposed to agriculture and animal husbandry. Archaic Indians and their descendants used this for centuries

A

Hunter Gatherer