Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter - Ecology > Flashcards

Chapter - Ecology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the interrelationships between plants, animals and their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ecosystem

A

Organisms and their interactions with the environment

Eg. Grassland, woodland, bog, seashore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Biosphere

A

The parts of the earth that support life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Habitat

A

The environment where an organism lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Niche

A

The role of an organism in the ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Community

A

Different species sharing the resources in an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Abiotic factors

A

Non living factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of climatic factors

A

Light intensity, wind, exposure, temperature, day length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Edaphic factors

A

Factors relating to soil

Eg. pH, water content, humus content, mineral content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Biotic factors

A

Influences of living organisms on each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Examples of biotic factors

A

Competition, predation, Feeding, Disease, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, decomposers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Autotrophs

A

Organisms that make their own food -called producers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Photosynthetic

A

Use sunlight to make carbohydrates using chlorophyll

Change solar energy into chemical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chemosynthetic Autotrophs

A

Bacteria which make food using chemical reactions other than photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Cannot make their own food -called consumers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Herbivores

A

Primary consumers -only eat plants eg.rabbits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Carnivores

A

Secondary consumers -eat only animals eg.cats

18
Q

Omnivores

A

Secondary consumers- eat both plants and animals eg.humans

19
Q

Detritus feeders

A

Eat dead and decaying vegetation eg.dugesia

20
Q

Decomposers

A

Break down dead organic matter usually by extracellular digestion eg.fungi

21
Q

Example of energy flow/food chain in the rocky sea shore

A

Seaweed->Periwinkle->Dog Whelk->Gull

22
Q

Food chain

A

Pathway along which energy is passed from one species to another

23
Q

Why are food chains usually short?

A

Only 10% of energy assimilated by next trophic level -> short, usually less than 5 levels

24
Q

Grazing food chains

A

Begin with plants

25
Q

Detritus food chains

A

Begin with detritus

26
Q

Trophic level

A

Feeding level or stage in a food chain

27
Q

Food web

A

Two or more interconnected food chains

28
Q

Pyramid of numbers

A

A diagram showing the numbers of organisms at each trophic level

29
Q

Limitations of the Pyramid of Numbers

A

-doesn’t take into account the size of the organisms

30
Q

Nutrient recycling

A

Elements that are used to produce nutrients ads in limited supple so they have to be recycled

31
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

Converting atmospheric nitrogen in soluble nitrogenous compounds eg.nitrates or ammonia

32
Q

Nitride action

A

Conversion of ammonia to nitrites or converting nitrites to nitrates by nitrifying bacteria

33
Q

Denitrification

A

Conversion of nitrates to atmospheric nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria

34
Q

Pollution

A

Any harmful addition to the environment

35
Q

Pollutant

A

Any substance that causes damage to the environment

36
Q

Sulphur Dioxide as a pollutant

A
  • Source: burning fossil fuels
  • Damage: causes acid rain(a) kills fish
    (b) kills trees
    (c) damages buildings
  • Control: (a) reduce amount of fossil fuel burning
    (b) remove SO2 from gasses by scrubbing
37
Q

Burning Fossil Fuels effects

A

CO2: global warming
SO2: causes acid rain
Soot particles: respiratory tract problems

38
Q

Conservation

A

The management of the environment to maintain existing populations

39
Q

Forestry

A

Example of conservation practise-plant a tree for each cut down

40
Q

Benefits of convservation

A

Biodiversity prevents outbreaks of disease,

Possible source of medicines

41
Q

Waste management

A

Needed to prevent pollution

42
Q

Waste disposal methods (x3)

A

Landfill
Incinerators
Recycling

Biology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions