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Whisker Pre-AP Biology > Chapter 9.3 Mitosis and Meiosis > Flashcards

Chapter 9.3 Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Two divisions happen

A

Meiosis

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2
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Four daughter cells are produced

A

Meiosis

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3
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Associated with growth and asexual reproduction

A

Mitosis

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4
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

One division only

A

Mitosis

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5
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes may occur

A

Meiosis

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6
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Daughter cells are identical to parent cell

A

Mitosis

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7
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces gametes

A

Meiosis

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8
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces haploid

A

Meiosis

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9
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces cells with two sets of chromosomes

A

Mitosis

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10
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces cells with one set of chromosomes

A

Meiosis

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11
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis

Produces diploid

A

Mitosis

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12
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis

Produces egg or sperm cell

A

Meiosis

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13
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis

In humans, produces cells with 23 chromosomes

A

Meiosis

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14
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis

In humans, produces cells with 46 chromosomes

A

Mitosis

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15
Q

Mitosis or Meiosis

Tetrads are visible

A

Meiosis

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16
Q

These structures are protein fibers that extend from the chromosomes at the centromere

A

Kinetochore

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17
Q

These structures are responsible for elongating the cell during Anaphase.

A

Non-kinetochore microtubules

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18
Q

What are 3 mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation?

A

Crossing over
Independent Assortment
Random fertilization

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19
Q

What are the phases of Mitosis?

A 
(IPPMAT) 
Interphase
Prophase 
Prometaphase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase
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20
Q

What are the phases of Meiosis?

A 
Interphase
Prophase 1
Metaphase 1
Anaphase 1
Telophase and Cytokinesis 1
Prophase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2 
Telophase and Cytokinesis 2
21
Q

What are the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

A

G1, G0, G2, M phase

22
Q

What is the most important checkpoint?

A

G1 because if it receives the go ahead it will usually complete S, G2, M and divide

23
Q

Metastasis

A

The spread of cancer via the circulatory system

24
Q

What are hereditary units?

A

Genes

25
Q

What is a fertilized egg called?

A

Zygote

26
Q

Union of gametes

A

Fertilization

27
Q

A cell that contains a single chromosome set

A

Haploid

28
Q

What is a somatic cell

A

A body cell

29
Q

What cell division produces gametes?

A

Meiosis

30
Q

Karyotype

A

A micrograph of an ordered display of an individuals chromosomes (usually shown in labs)

31
Q

Sex chromosomes are:

A

X and Y chromosomes

32
Q 
Which mitotic phase does this occur at?
Nucleoli disappear 
Chromosomes are sister chromatids now 
Nucleolus disappears
Centrosomes move to opposite sides
A

Prophase

33
Q

Which mitotic phase does this occur at?
DNA is chromatin
Nuclear envelope and nucleolus are intact
No spindle formed

A

Interphase

34
Q

Which mitotic phase does this occur at?
Nuclear envelope is completely gone
Mitotic spindle extends out
Chromosomes now have kinetochores at centromeres

A

Prometaphase

35
Q

Which mitotic phase does this occur at?
Mitotic spindle fully formed
Chromosomes line up along plate
Kinetochore microtubules attach to centromeres of chromosomes

A

Metaphase

36
Q

Which mitotic phase does this occur at?
Sister chromatids move away and split
Now theres 8 chromosomes
NON kinetochores push apart to extend cell

A

Anaphase

37
Q 
Which mitotic phase does this occur at?
2 nuclei form 
Cell begins to have cleavage 
Nuclear envelope and Nucleolus appears 
Chromosomes decondense into chromatin again 
Mitosis is complete
A

Telophase

38
Q

What is synapsis?

A

In Meiosis when homologous chromosomes wrap around each other

39
Q

What is a tetrad?

A

Pairs of homologous chromosomes

40
Q 
Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?
Chromatin present 
Nucleolus and Nucleus intact 
Centromeres duplicated but not separated 
DNA synthesis occurs
A

Interphase

41
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?
Synapsis occurs
Crossing over occurs
Spindle forms

A

Prophase 1

42
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?

Tetrads line up along metaphase plate

A

Metaphase 1

43
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?

Pairs of homologous chromosomes begin to separate

A

Anaphase 1

44
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?
2 haploid cells form
Chromosomes are still double but sister chromatids are not identical

A

Telophase 1 and cytokinesis

45
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?
Chromosomes consist of 2 sister chromatids that are not identical
Spindle forms

A

Prophase 2

46
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?

Chromosomes line up again at the metaphase plate

A

Metaphase 2

47
Q

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?

Sister chromatids separate and travel to poles of cell

A

Anaphase 2

48
Q 
Which Meiosis phase does this occur at?
Nuclei form 
Cytokinesis occurs 
Result is 4 haploid daughter cells 
Each cll is unique and unalike from one another an parent
A

Telophase and Cytokinesis 2

Whisker Pre-AP Biology (21 decks)

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