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AP PSYC > Chapter 9 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change the route the lifespan

A

Developmental psychology

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2
Q

The fertilized egg is; it enters a two week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo

A

Zygote

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3
Q

The developing human organism from about two weeks after fertilization to the second month

A

Embryo

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4
Q

The developing human organism from nine weeks after conception to birth

A

Fetus

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5
Q

Agents, such as chemicals and viruses, I can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

A

Teratogens

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6
Q

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant woman’s heavy drinking

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

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7
Q

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation as infants gain the Milyer Arity with repeated exposure to visual stimulus, their interest waned and they look away sooner.

A

Habituation

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8
Q

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

A

Maturation

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9
Q

All the mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

A

Cognition

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10
Q

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

A

Schema

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11
Q

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

A

Assimilation

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12
Q

Adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information

A

Accommodation

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13
Q

In PJs theory, the stage during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

A

Sensorimotor stage

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14
Q

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

A

Object permanence

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15
Q

In PJs theory, the stage during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

A

Preoperational stage

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16
Q

The principal Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning, that property such as mass volumes and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

A

Conservation

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17
Q

In PJs Thierry the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another point of view

A

Egocentrism

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18
Q

Peoples ideas about their own and others’ mental states about their feelings perceptions and thoughts and behaviors these might predict

A

Theory of mind

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19
Q

In PJs Thierry the stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

A

Concrete operational stage

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20
Q

In PJs Siri the stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

A

Formal operational stage

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21
Q

A disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication and social interaction and understanding of other states of mind

A

Autism

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22
Q

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display beginning about eight months of age

A

Stranger anxiety

23
Q

And emotional tie with another person

A

Attachment

24
Q

And optimal. Shortly after birth what an organisms exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development

A

Critical period

25
Q

The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

A

Imprinting

26
Q

A persons characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

A

Temperament

27
Q

According to Erick Erickson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; such a B form during infancy inappropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

A

Basic trust

28
Q

Our understanding and evaluation of who we are

A

Self-concept

29
Q

In psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people to find male and female

A

Gender

30
Q

Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone

A

Aggression

31
Q

The sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have 2X chromosomes; males have one

A

X chromosome

32
Q

The sex chromosome found only in males

A

Y chromosome

33
Q

The most important of the male sex hormones

A

Testosterone

34
Q

A set of expectations about the social position, defining how those in the position out to behave

A

Role

35
Q

A set of expected behaviors for males or for females

A

Gender role

36
Q

Our sense of being male or female

A

Gender identity

37
Q

The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

A

Gender typing

38
Q

The theory that we learn social behavior by deserving and imitating it by being rewarded or punished

A

Social learning theory

39
Q

The transition. From childhood to adult hood, extending from puberty to independence

A

Adolescence

40
Q

The period of sexual maturation , During which a person becomes capable of reproducing

A

Puberty

41
Q

The body structures that make sexual reproduction possible

A

Primary sex characteristics

42
Q

Non-reproductive sexual characteristics such as female breast and hips male voice quality and body hair

A

Secondary sex characteristics

43
Q

The first menstrual period

A

Menarche

44
Q

Our sense of self; according to Ericsson, the adolescents task is to solidify a sense of self by testing in integrating various roles

A

Identity

45
Q

The Ouija aspect of our self-concept the part of our answer to who am I that comes from our group memberships

A

Social identity

46
Q

In Ericksons theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships; a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood

A

Intimacy

47
Q

For some people and modern cultures, the period from the late teens to mid 20s, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence in full independent and responsible adulthood

A

Emerging adulthood

48
Q

The time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines

A

Menopause

49
Q

A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

A

Cross-sectional study

50
Q

Research in which the same people are re-studied and retested overlong period

A

Longitudinal study

51
Q

Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age

A

Crystallized intelligence

52
Q

Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood

A

Fluid intelligence

53
Q

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement

A

Social clock

AP PSYC (18 decks)

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