Chapter 14 Vocab Flashcards
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Social psychology
The theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition
Attribution theory
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, do you underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition
Fundamental attribution error
Feelings often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
Attitude
Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
Central route persuasion
Attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speakers attractiveness
Peripheral route persuasion
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Foot in the door phenomenon
A set of expectations or norms about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave
Role
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
Cognitive dissonance theory
Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Conformity
Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative social influence
Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept others opinions about reality
Informational social influence
Stronger responses on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others
Social facilitation
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal then when individually accountable
Social loafing
The loss of self-awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal or anonymity
Deindividuation
The enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
Group polarization
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
Group think
The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and tradition shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
Culture
And understood rule for excepted and expected behavior
Norm
The buffer zone we’d like to maintain around our bodies
Personal space
And unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
Prejudice
A generalized belief about a group of people
Stereotype
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members
Discrimination
Us, people with whom we share a common identity
Ingroup
