Chapter 9 vocab

Question 1

a measurement of heat energy in food; equivalent to 1000 calories

Answer 1

calorie

Question 2

process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Answer 2

cellular respiration

Question 3

process that requires oxygen

Answer 3

aerobic

Question 4

process that does not require oxygen

Answer 4

anaerobic

Question 5

first set of reactions in cellular respiration in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid

Answer 5

glycolysis

Question 6

electron carrier involved in glycolysis

Answer 6

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

Question 7

second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

Answer 7

krebs cycle

Question 8

innermost compartment of the mitochondrion

Answer 8

matrix

Question 9

process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen

Answer 9

fermentation