Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Flashcards
Wealthy landowners who made up the ruling class of nobles
Patricians
Most of Rome’s people were in a group that consisted of our decisions, shopkeepers, and owners of small farms
Plebeians
Plebeians had less social status them patricians. What two things could they not do?
They could not marry patricians and they could not hold public office
In the Roman Republic, the top to government officials were called the…
Consuls
The consuls kept each other in line because each could reject the others decision. This is called…
Veto
Rome,s important officials whose core task was to interpret the law and act as judges in court cases were called…
Praetors
A leader who had complete control, but only ruled on a temporary basis during emergencies was called a…
Dictator
The best known early Roman dictator is
Cincinnatus
What checks and balances exist sit in the Roman Republic’s government?
The consuls could veto or forbid each other’s decision.
Tribunes from the council of the plebes could veto Government decisions.
What is the rule of law and why is it important?
The idea that the law should apply to everyone equally and I did all people should be treated the same way by the legal system is called the rule of law. It remains the basis of our legal system today.
A powerful rifle in the Mediterranean area on the coast of north Africa that fought Rome for the control of Sicily
Carthage
How did Rome punish Carthage at the end of the third Punic war?
Roman soldiers burned Carthage and enslaved 50,000 men women and children.
Carthage sent it’s great general to attack room in 218 BC starting the second Punic war. His name was…
Hannibal
What happened at the battle of Cannae?
Hannibal’s army overpowered the Roman for some began raiding much of Italy. The Roman suffered a severe loss in 216 BC.
What happened at the battle of Zama?
Scipio’s troops defeated the Carthaginians. Carthage gave up Spain to Rome. It had to give up it’s navy and pay a large fine.
Who were the top government officials in the Roman Republic and what were their duties?
The top government officials were the consuls. They headed the army and ran the government.
What does mare nostrum mean and why did the Romans use the term?
It means our sea and Rome began to use the term when they controlled the entire Mediterranean region.
Where was Carthage located and why did it compete with Rome?
Carthage was located in north Africa directly across the Mediterranean sea from Rome, and both states wanted to control trade in the Mediterranean
What other conquest did Rome carry out during the period of the Punic wars?
Macedonia, Greece
How did the creation of the 12 tables change the legal system in Rome?
They were the first step toward equal rights for citizens of all classes in ancient Rome. They were also the first step toward the idea of the rule of law.
Early Romans were divided into what two classes?
Patricians and the plebeians
