Chapter 9 Respiratory System Flashcards
Respiratory Drugs: Mucolytics
Decrease the viscosity ir thickness of respiratory secretions
acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
PO, IV or via nebulizer for dogs and cats
Also used to treat acetaminophen toxicity in cats
- Increases the synthesis of glutathione in the liver
- Glutathione faciliates the conjunction of toxic metabolites of acetaminphen
Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives
hydrocodone
Opioid
tablet or syrup
used for harsh, non-productive cough in dogs (kennel cough)
Side effect: sedation and ileus
Respiratory Drugs: Bronchodilators
Widen the lumen of the bronchioles
cholinergic blocking agent (anitcholinergics)
beta 2 adrenergic agonsits
methylxanthines
Respiratory Drugs: Bronchodilators
cholinergic blockers (anticholinergics)
Bind to ACh receptors (muscarinic)
Block or anatagonize muscarinic receptors prevent bronchoconstriction
atropine
gylcopyrrolate
- Most often used in emgerency or surgical settings
- Side effect: dry eye, reduce salivation, trachycardia
Respiratory Drugs: Beta 2 Andrenergic Agonists
Dilates bronchioles
terbutaline - tablets for dogs and cats
albuterol (Ventolin) - inhalant MDI for dogs and cats
clenbuterol (Ventipulmin) - oral syrup for horses
Sife effect: muscle tremors
Respiratory Drugs: Methylzanthines
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- Phosphodiesterase causes bronchoconstriction
aminophylline - injectable and oral tablets for dogs, cats and horses
theophylline - sustained release oral tablets in dogs and cats
- Side effect: muscle tremors, trachycardia
Respiratory Drugs: Anithistamines
Block effects of histamine release from mast cells
- Histamine causes bronchoconstriction
(Stimulate heart, stomach secertions, dilation of aterioles, inflammatory response)
diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Allergies
- Side effect: CNA depression
Other Drugs
Glucocorticocids
Anitmicobials
Diuretics
