Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ACE CPT 6th Edition > Chapter 9: Muscular Training: Foundation and Benefits > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Muscular Training: Foundation and Benefits Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
ACE ® Health Coach flashcards NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Tendon

A

A band of fibrous tissue forming the termination of a muscle and attaching the muscle to a bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

The bones of the head, neck, and trunk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Central Nervous System

A

The brain and spinal cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ligaments

A

A strong, fibrous tissue that connects one bone to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Axis of Rotation

A

The imaginary line or point about which an object, such as a joint, rotates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sagittal

A

The longitudinal plane that divides the body into right and left portions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Frontal

A

A longitudinal section that runs at a right angle to the sagittal plane, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Transverse

A

Anatomical term for the imaginary line that divides the body, or any of its parts, into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) parts. Also called the horizontal plane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Flexion

A

The act of moving a joint so that the two bones forming it are brought closer together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Extension

A

The act of straightening or extending a joint, usually applied to the muscular movement of a limb.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Supination

A

External rotation of the forearm (radioulnar joint) that causes the palm to face anteriorly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pronation

A

Internal rotation of the forearm causing the radius to cross diagonally over the ulna and the palm to face posteriorly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

All nervous structures located outside of the CNS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ganglia

A

nerve cell bodies associated with nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Proprioception

A

Sensation and awareness of body position and movements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Autogenic Inhibition

A

An automatic reflex relaxation caused by stimulation of the Golgi tendon organ (GTO).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Reciprocal Inhibition

A

The reflex inhibition of the motor neurons of antagonists when the agonists are contracted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gait

A

The manner or style of walking.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Muscle Spindles

A

The sensory organ within a muscle that is sensitive to stretch and thus protects the muscle against too much stretch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Golgi Tendon Organ

A

A sensory organ within a tendon that, when stimulated, causes an inhibition of the entire muscle group to protect against too much force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

A

A method of promoting the response of neuromuscular mechanisms through the stimulation of proprioceptors in an attempt to gain more stretch in a muscle; often referred to as a contract-relax method of stretching,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Vestibular System

A

Part of the central nervous system that coordinates reflexes of the eyes, neck, and body to maintain equilibrium in accordance with posture and movement of the head.

25
Q

Agonist

A

The muscle directly responsible for observed movement; also called the prime mover.

26
Q

Prime Mover

A

The muscle directly responsible for observed movement.

27
Q

Antagonist

A

The muscle that acts in opposition to the contraction produced by an agonist (prime mover) muscle.

28
Q

Fascia

A

Strong connective tissues that perform a number of functions, including developing and isolating the muscles of the body and providing structural support and protection.

29
Q

Epimysium

A

The fascia encasing the entire muscle.

30
Q

Perimysium

A

The fascia covering bundles of muscle fibers.

31
Q

Endomysium

A

The fascia covering the individual muscle fibers.

32
Q

Fast twitch muscle fiber

A

One of several types of muscle fibers found in skeletal muscle tissue; also called type ll fibers
and characterized as having a low oxidative capacity but a high gdcolytic capacity; recruited for rapid, powerful movements such as jumping, throwing, and sprinting.

33
Q

Synergist

A

A muscle that helps the prime mover to be more efficient.

34
Q

Stabilizer

A

A muscle that stabilizes a joint so a movement can be done.

35
Q

Mitochondria

A

The “power plant” of the cells where aerobic metabolism occurs.

36
Q

Actin

A

Thin contractile protein in a myofibril.

37
Q

Myosin

A

Thick contractile protein in a myofibril.

38
Q

Myofibrils

A

The portion of the muscle containing the thick (myosin) and thin (actin) contractile filaments; a series of sarcomeres where the repeating pattern of the contractile proteins gives the striated appearance to skeletal muscle.

39
Q

Sarcomeres

A

The basic functional unit of the myofibril containing the contractile proteins that generate skeletal muscle movements.

40
Q

Collagen

A

The main constituent of connective tissue, such as ligaments, tendons, and muscles.

41
Q

Isometric

A

A type of muscular contraction rn which the muscle is stimulated to generate tension but little or no joint movement occurs.

42
Q

Concentric

A

A type of isotonic muscle contraction in which the muscle develops tension and shortens when stimulated.

43
Q

Eccentric

A

A type of isotonic muscle contraction in which the muscle lengthens against a resistance when it is stimulated sometimes called``negative work’‘or “negative reps.”

44
Q

Co-contraction

A

The mutual coordination of antagonist muscles (such as flexors and extensors) to maintain a position.

45
Q

Isokinetic

A

A type of muscular contraction where tension developed within the muscle changes throughout the range of motion; performed with the use of special equipment; also referred to as “variable resistance” exercise.

46
Q

Isotonic

A

A type of muscular contraction where the muscle is stimulated to develop tension and joint movement occurs.

47
Q

Atrophy

A

A reduction in muscle size (muscle wasting) due to inactivity or immobilization.

48
Q

Anabolic

A

Muscle building effects.

49
Q

Motor unit

A

A motor nerve and all of the muscle fibers it stimulates.

50
Q

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness

A

Soreness that occurs 24 to 48 hours after strenuous exercise, the exact cause of which is unknown.

51
Q

Specificity

A

Exercise training principle explaining that specific exercise demands made on the body produce specific responses by the body; also called exercise specificity,

52
Q

Overload

A

The principle that a physrological system subjected to above-normal stress will respond by increasing in strength or function accordingly.

53
Q

Anaerobic Glycolysis

A

The metabolic pathway that uses glucose for energy production without requiring oxygen. Sometimes referred to as the lactic acid system or anaerobic glucose system, it produces lactic acid as a by-product.

54
Q

Reversibility

A

The principle of exercise training that suggests that any improvement in physical fitness due to physical activity is entirely reversible with the discontinuation Of the training program.

55
Q

Diminishing Returns

A

Principle stating that after a certain level of performance has been achieved, there will be a decline in the effectiveness of training at furthering a person’s performance level.

56
Q

Supersets

A

An advanced resistance-training approach that involves performing exercises, one after the others, with very little or
no rest between exercises or sets.

57
Q

Compound Sets

A

A resistance-training approach involving the performance of two or more exercises for the same muscle or muscle group in rapid succession.

58
Q

Periodization

A

The systematic application of overload through the pre-planned variation of program components to optimize gains in strength (or any specific component of fitness), while preventing overuse, staleness, overtraining, and plateaus,

ACE CPT 6th Edition (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions