Chapter 7: Resting Assessments and Anthropometric Measurements

Question 1

Heart Rate

Answer 1

The number of heart beats per minute.

Question 2

Blood Pressure

Answer 2

The pressure exerted

by the blood on the walls of the arteries; measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) with a sphygmomanometer.

Question 3

Flexibility

Answer 3

The ability to move joints through their normal full ranges of motion.

Question 4

Thermoregulation

Answer 4

Regulation of the body’s temperature.

Question 5

Ventral

Answer 5

Relating to, or situated on or close to, the anterior aspect of the human body.

Question 6

Palpation

Answer 6

The use of hands and/or fingers to detect anatomical structures or an arterial pulse.

Question 7

Lateral

Answer 7

Away from the midline of the body, or the outside,

Question 8

Stroke Volume

Answer 8

The amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle of the heart with each beat.

Question 9

Resting Heart Rate

Answer 9

The number of heartbeats per minute when the body is at complete rest; usually counted first thing in the morning before any physical activity.

Question 10

Systolic BP

Answer 10

The pressure exerted by the blood on the vessel walls during ventricular contraction.

Question 11

Diastolic BP

Answer 11

The pressure in the arteries during the relaxation phase (diastole) of the cardiac cycle; indicative of total peripheral resistance.

Question 12

Korotkoff Sounds

Answer 12

Five different sounds created by the pulsing of the blood through the brachial artery; proper distinction of the sounds is necessary to determine blood pressure.

Question 13

Systole

Answer 13

The contracting phase of the cardiac cycle.

Question 14

Diastole

Answer 14

The period of filling the heart between contractions.

Question 15

Lean Body Mass

Answer 15

The components of the body (apart from fat), including muscles, bones, nervous tissue, skin, blood, and organs.

Question 16

Connective Tissue

Answer 16

The tissue that binds together and supports various structures of the body. Ligaments and tendons are connective tissues.

Question 17

Subcutaneous fat

Answer 17

Fatty deposits or pads of storage fat found under the skin.

Question 18

Visceral fat

Answer 18

Pertaining to the internal organs and the fat around them.

Question 19

Adipose

Answer 19

Fat cells stored in adipose tissue.

Question 20

Essential Body Fat

Answer 20

Fat thought to be necessary for maintenance of life and reproductive function.

Question 21

Overfat

Answer 21

The presence of excess body fat that may impair health, even informal weight people.

Question 22

Hydrostatic Weighing

Answer 22

Weighing a person fully submerged in water. The difference between the person’s mass in air and in water is used to calculate body density, which can be used to estimate the proportion of fat in the body.

Question 23

Air Displacement Plethysmography

Answer 23

A body-composition assessment technique

based on the same body volume measurement principle as hydrostatic weighing; uses air instead of water.

Question 24

Dual energy x ray absorptiometry

Answer 24

An imaging technique that uses a very low dose of radiation to measure bone density. Can also be used for measuring fat.

Question 25

Near infrared interactance

Answer 25

A body comp assessment method that involves using light absorption and reflection to estimate the percent of fat and fat free mass.

Question 26

Stadiometer

Answer 26

A device for measuring height and it typically has a sliding horizontal rod and a vertical ruler and adjusted to rest on top of the head.

Question 27

BMI

Answer 27

A relative measure of body height to body weight used to determine levels of weight, from undenrueight to extreme obesity.

Question 28

BMI Classification “Underweight”

Answer 28

<18.5

Question 29

BMI Classification “Normal”

Answer 29

18.5 - 24.9

Question 30

BMI Classification “Overweight”

Answer 30

25 - 29.9

Question 31

BMI Classification “Obesity”

Answer 31

30 - 39.9

Question 32

BMI Classification “Extreme Obesity”

Answer 32

> 40

Question 33

Waist - Hip Ratio

Answer 33

A useful measure for determining health risk due to the site of fat storage. Calculated by dividing the ratio of abdominal girth (waist measurement) by the hip measurement.

Question 34

Insulin Resistance

Answer 34

An inability of muscle tissue to effectively use insulin, where the action of insulin is “resisted” by insulin- sensitive tissues.

Question 35

Body Composition

Answer 35

The makeup of the body in terms of the relative percentage of fat-free mass and body fat.

Question 36

Body Fat

Answer 36

A component of the body, the primary role of which is to store energy for later use.

Question 37

Bone Density

Answer 37

A measurement that expresses total body mass or weight relative to body volume or the amount of space or area that the body occupies.

Question 38

Bioelectrical Impedance

Answer 38

A body-composition assessment technique that measures the amount of impedance, or resistance, to electric current flow as
it passes through the body. lmpedance is greatest in fat tissue, while fat-free mass, which containsT0-75% water, allows the electrical current to pass much more easily.