Chapter 5: Participation Health Screening Flashcards
Anxiety
A state of uneasiness and apprehension; occurs in some mental disorders.
Cardiovascular Disease
A general term for any disease of the heart, blood vessels, or circulation.
Myocardial Infarction
An episode in which some of the heart’s blood supply is severely cut off or restricted, causing the heart muscle to suffer and die from lack of oxygen. Commonly known as a heart attack.
Sudden Cardiac Death
Immediate death resulting from a change in the heart’s rhythm.
Angina
A common symptom of coronary artery disease characterized by chest pain, tightness, or radiating pain resulting from a lack of blood flow to the heart muscle.
Orthopnea
Form of dyspnea in which the person can breathe comfortably only when standing or sitting erect; associated with asthma, emphysema, and angina.
Dyspnea
Shortness of breath.
Myocardial Ischemia
The result of an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand.
Edema
Swelling resulting from an excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues of the body.
Syncope
A transient state of unconsciousness during which a person collapses to the floor as a result of lack of oxygen to the brain; commonly known as fainting.
Palpitation
A rapid and irregular heartbeat.
Tachycardia
Elevated heart rate over 100 beats per minute.
Medical Clearance
Approval from a healthcare professional to engage in exercise.
Metabolic Disease
Type one or two diabetes mellitus.
Intermittent Claudication
Muscle pain.
PAR-Q
A brief, self-administered medical questionnaire recognized as a safe pre-exercise screening measure for low-to-moderate (but not vigorous) exercise training.
Coronary Artery Disease
The major form of cardiovascular disease; results when the coronary arteries are narrowed or occluded, most commonly by atherosclerotic deposits of fibrous and fatty tissue.
Chronic
Descriptive of a condition that persists over a long period of time; opposite of acute.
Acute
Descriptive of a condition that usually has a rapid onset and a relatively short and severe course; opposite of chronic.
Beta Blockers
Medications that “block” or limit sympathetic nervous system stimulation. They act to slow the heart rate and decrease maximal heart rate and are used for cardiovascular and other medical conditions.
Antihistamines
A class of drugs that block histamine receptors involved in the allergic response.
Bronchodilators
Medications inhaled to dilate (enlarge) and relax the constricted bronchial smooth muscle.
Calcium Channel Blockers
A class of blood pressure medications that relax and widen the blood vessels.
Diuretics
Medication that produces an increase in urine volume and sodium excretion.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
A class of drugs used for treating high blood pressure and other conditions by reducing the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme, which converts angiotensin one to angiotensin two.
Angiotensin II receptor Antagonists
A class of drugs used for treating high blood pressure and other conditions by stopping the binding of angiotensin 2.
Electrolytes
A mineral that exists as a charged ion in the body and that is extremely important for normal cellular function.
Arrhythmias
A disturbance in the rate
or rhythm of the heartbeat. Some can be symptoms of serious heart disease; may not be of medical significance until symptoms appear.
Asthma
A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that affects genetically susceptible individuals in response to various environmental triggers such as allergens, viral infection, exercise, cold, and stress.
Sympathomimetic
A characteristic of Medications that mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.
Vasoconstriction
Narrowing of the opening of blood vessels (notably the smaller arterioles) caused by contraction of the smooth muscle lining the vessels,
