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2019 Hole's Human A&P > Chapter 9 - Muscular System > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

intercalated disc

calat-

A

something inserted

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2
Q

synergist

erg-

A

work

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3
Q

fasciculus

fasc-

A

bundle

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4
Q

myogram

-gram

A

something written

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5
Q

muscular hypertrophy

hyper-

A

over, more

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6
Q

intercalated disc

inter-

A

between

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7
Q

isotonic contraction

iso-

A

equal

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8
Q

latent period

laten-

A

hidden

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9
Q

myofibril

myo-

A

muscle

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10
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

reticul-

A

a net

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11
Q

sarcoplasm

sarco-

A

flesh

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12
Q

synergist

syn-

A

together

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13
Q

tetanic contraction

tetan-

A

stiff

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14
Q

isotonic contraction

-tonic

A

stretched

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15
Q

muscular hypertrophy

-troph

A

well-fed

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16
Q

voluntary muscle

voluntar-

A

of one’s free will

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17
Q

fascia

A

layer of fibrous convective tissue that increases responsiveness to further simulation

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18
Q

tendon

A

cordlike or bandlike mass of dense convective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone

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19
Q

aponeurosis

A

sheet of connective tissue that attracts muscles to bone and other muscles

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20
Q

epimysium

A

outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle

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21
Q

perimysium

A

sheath of connective tissue that encloses a bundle of skeletal muscle fibers or a fascicle

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22
Q

fascicles (fasciculi)

A

anak bundles of muscle fibers

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23
Q

endomysium

A

layer of connective tissue surrounding each skeletal muscle fiber

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24
Q

compartment

A

space that contains a particular group of muscles, blood vessels, and nerves

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25
Q

tenosynovium

A

connective tissue sheath of a tendon

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26
Q

tendinitis

A
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27
Q

tenosynovitis

A
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28
Q

myofibril

A
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29
Q

myosin

A
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30
Q

actin

A
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31
Q

sarcomere

A
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32
Q

sarcolemma

A
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33
Q

sarcoplasm

A
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34
Q

I band

A
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35
Q

A band

A
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36
Q

Z line

A
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37
Q

H zone

A
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38
Q

M line

A
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39
Q

titin (connectin)

A
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40
Q

troponin

A
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41
Q

tropomyosin

A
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42
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A
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43
Q

transverse tubules (T tubules)

A
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44
Q

cisternae

A
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45
Q

triad

A
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46
Q

muscle strain

A
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47
Q

dystrophin

A
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48
Q

action potential

A
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49
Q

synapse

A
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50
Q

neurotransmitter

A
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51
Q

motor neuron

A
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52
Q

neuromuscular junction

A
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53
Q

motor end plate

A
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54
Q

synaptic cleft

A
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55
Q

acetylcholine (ACh)

A
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56
Q

sliding filament model

A
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57
Q

ATPase

A
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58
Q

acetylcholinesterase

A
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59
Q

rigor mortis

A
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60
Q

creatine phosphate

A
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61
Q

myoglobin

A
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62
Q

lactic acid threshold

A
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63
Q

oxygen debt

A
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64
Q

fatigue

A
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65
Q

threshold stimulus

A
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66
Q

twitch

A
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67
Q

latent period

A
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68
Q

all-or-none response

A
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69
Q

summation

A
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70
Q

sustained contraction

A
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71
Q

partial tetany

A
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72
Q

complete (fused) tetanic contraction (tetanus)

A
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73
Q

recruitment (multiple motor unit summation)

A
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74
Q

muscle tone (tonus)

A
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75
Q

isotonic contraction

A
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76
Q

concentric contraction

A
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77
Q

eccentric contraction

A
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78
Q

isometric contraction

A
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79
Q

fast-twitch muscle fibers (type II)

A
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80
Q

slow-twitch muscle fibers (type I)

A
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81
Q

multiunit smooth muscle

A
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82
Q

visceral smooth muscle

A
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83
Q

rhythmicity

A
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84
Q

peristalsis

A
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85
Q

calmodulin

A
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86
Q

norepinephrine

A
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87
Q

channel blocker

A
88
Q

intercalated disc

A
89
Q

syncytium

A
90
Q

levers

A
91
Q

origin

A
92
Q

insertion

A
93
Q

agonist

A
94
Q

synergist

A
95
Q

prime mover

A
96
Q

antagonist

A
97
Q

muscles of facial expression

A
  1. epicranius
  2. obicularis oculi
  3. obicularis oris
  4. buccinator
  5. zygomaticus major
  6. zygomaticus minor
  7. platysma
98
Q

epicranius

A
99
Q

orbicularis oculi

A
100
Q

obicularis oris

A
101
Q

buccinator

A
102
Q

zygomaticus major

A
103
Q

zygomaticus minor

A
104
Q

platysma

A
105
Q

muscles of mastication

A
  1. masseter
  2. temporalis
  3. medial pterygoid
  4. lateral pterygoid
106
Q

masseter

A
107
Q

temporalis

A
108
Q

medial pterygoid

A
109
Q

lateral pterygoid

A
110
Q

muscles that move the head and vertebral column

A
  1. sternocleidomastoid
  2. splenius capitis
  3. semispinalis capitis
  4. quadratus lumborum
  5. erector spinae (three columns)
  6. iliocostalis (lateral) group
  7. longissimus (intermediate) group
  8. spinalis (medial) group
111
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A
112
Q

splenius capitis

A
113
Q

semispinalis capitis

A
114
Q

quadratus lumborum

A
115
Q

erector spinae

A
116
Q

iliocostalis (lateral) group

A
  1. iliocostalis lumborum
  2. iliocostalis thoracis
  3. iliocostalis cervicis
117
Q

iliocostalis lumborum

A
118
Q

iliocostalis thoracis

A
119
Q

iliocostalis cervicis

A
120
Q

longissimus (intermediate) group

A
  1. longissimus thoracis
  2. longissimus cervicis
  3. longissimus capitis
121
Q

longissimus thoracis

A
122
Q

longissimus cervicis

A
123
Q

longissimus capitis

A
124
Q

spinalis (medial) group

A
  1. spinalis thoracis
  2. spinalis cervicis
  3. spinalis capitis
125
Q

spinalis thoracis

A
126
Q

spinalis cervicis

A
127
Q

spinalis capitis

A
128
Q

muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A
  1. trapezius
  2. rhomboid major
  3. rhomboid minor
  4. levator scapulae
  5. serratus anterior
  6. pectoralis minor
129
Q

trapezius

A
130
Q

rhomboid major

A
131
Q

rhomboid minor

A
132
Q

levator scapulae

A
133
Q

serratus anterior

A
134
Q

pectoralis minor

A
135
Q

triangle of auscultation

A
136
Q

muscles that move the arm

A

flexors

  1. coracobrachialis
  2. pectoralis major

extensors

  1. teres major
  2. latissimus dorsi

abductors

  1. supraspinatus
  2. deltoid

rotators

  1. subscapularis
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
137
Q

coracobrachialis

A

flexor

138
Q

pectoralis major

A

flexor

139
Q

teres major

A

extensor

140
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

extensor

141
Q

supraspinatus

A

abductor

142
Q

deltoid

A

abductor

143
Q

subscapularis

A

rotator

144
Q

infraspinatus

A

rotator

145
Q

teres minor

A

rotator

146
Q

muscles that move the forearm

A

flexors

  1. biceps brachii
  2. brachialis
  3. brachioradialis

extensor

  1. triceps brachii

rotators

  1. supinator
  2. pronator teres
  3. pronator quadratus
147
Q

biceps brachii

A

flexor

148
Q

brachialis

A

flexor

149
Q

brachioradialis

A

flexor

150
Q

triceps brachii

A

extensor

151
Q

supinator

A

rotator

152
Q

pronator teres

A

rotator

153
Q

pronator quadratus

A

rotator

154
Q

muscles that move the hand

A

flexors

  1. flexor carpi radialis
  2. flexor carpi ulnaris
  3. palmaris longus
  4. flexor digitorum profundus
  5. flexor digitorum superficialis

extensors

  1. extensor carpi radialis longus
  2. extensor carpi radialis brevis
  3. extensor carpi ulnraris
  4. extensor digitorum
155
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

flexor

156
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexor

157
Q

palmaris longus

A

flexor

158
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

flexor

159
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexor

160
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extensor

161
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

extensor

162
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

extensor

163
Q

extensor digitorum

A

extensor

164
Q

muscles of the abdominal wall

A
  1. external oblique
  2. internal oblique
  3. transversus abdominis
  4. rectus abdominis
165
Q

external oblique

A
166
Q

internal oblique

A
167
Q

transversus abdominis

A
168
Q

rectus abdominis

A
169
Q

muscles of the pelvic outlet

A

pelvic diaphragm

  1. levator ani
  2. coccygeus

urogenital diaphragm

  1. superficial transversus perinei
  2. bulbospongiosus
  3. ischiocavernosus
  4. sphincter urethrae
170
Q

levator ani

A

pelvic diaphragm

171
Q

coccygeus

A

pelvic diaphragm

172
Q

superficial transversus perinei

A

urogenital diaphragm

173
Q

bulbospongiosus

A

urogenital diaphragm

174
Q

ischiocavernosus

A

urogenital diaphragm

175
Q

sphincter urethrae

A

urogenital diaphragm

176
Q

muscles that move the thigh

A

anterior group

  1. psoas major
  2. iliacus

posterior group

  1. gluteus maximus
  2. gluteus medius
  3. gluteus minimus
  4. piriformis
  5. tensor fasciae latae

adductors

  1. pectineus
  2. adductor brevis
  3. adductor longus
  4. adductor magnus
  5. gracilis
177
Q

psoas major

A

anterior group

178
Q

iliacus

A

anterior group

179
Q

gluteus maximus

A

posterior group

180
Q

gluteus medius

A

posterior group

181
Q

gluteus minimus

A

posterior group

182
Q

piriformis

A

posterior group

183
Q

tensor fasciae latae

A

posterior group

184
Q

pectineus

A

adductor

185
Q

adductor brevis

A

adductor

186
Q

adductor longus

A

adductor

187
Q

adductor magnus

A

adductor

188
Q

gracilis

A

adductor

189
Q

glulteal gait

A
190
Q

muscles that move the leg

A

flexors

  • hamstring group
    1. biceps femoris
    2. semitendinosus
    3. semimembranosus
  • sartorius

extensor

  • quadriceps femoris group
    1. rectus femoris
    2. vastus lateralis
    3. vastus medialis
    4. vastus intermedius
191
Q

biceps femoris

A

hamstring group, flexor

192
Q

semitendinosus

A

hamstring group, flexor

193
Q

semimembranosus

A

hamstring group, flexor

194
Q

sartorius

A

flexor

195
Q

rectus femoris

A
196
Q

vastus lateralis

A
197
Q

vastus medialis

A
198
Q

vastus intermedius

A
199
Q

muscles that move the foot

A

dorsal flexors

  1. tibialis anterior
  2. fibularis tertius
  3. extensor digitorum longus
  4. extensor hallucis longus

plantar flexors

  1. gastrocnemius
  2. soleus
  3. plantaris
  4. flexor digitorum longus

invertor

  1. tibialis posterior

evertor

  1. fibularis longus
200
Q

tibialis anterior

A
201
Q

fibularis tertius

A
202
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A
203
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A
204
Q

gastrocnemius

A
205
Q

soleus

A
206
Q

plantaris

A
207
Q

flexor digitorum longus

A
208
Q

tibialis posterior

A
209
Q

fibularis longus

A
210
Q

pollicis

A

of the thumb

211
Q

hallucis

A

of the big toe

212
Q

digitorum

A

of the fingers or toes

213
Q

tertius

A

third

214
Q

vastus

A

great

215
Q
A

2019 Hole's Human A&P (12 decks)

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