Chapter 9- Maslow Flashcards
Describe Maslow’s holistic view of motivation
The whole person, not any single part, is motivated
What are the 5 levels of the hierarchy of needs?
Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self actualization
What are the 2 levels of the esteem need?
Reputation- perception of how others feel about you
Self-esteem- how you view yourself
What is self-actualization?
Self fulfillment, desire to reach one’s full potential. Final stage of hierarchy of needs
What are the criteria for self-actualization?
- Free from psychopathology
- Other needs in hierarchy are met
- Embrace B-values
- Embrace their true talents and potential
What are self-actualizers motivated by?
“Being” (B) Values/Metaneeds
What are some B-values?
truth, goodness, justice, autonomy, wholeness, beauty, etc.
What are some characteristics of self-actualizing people?
- Self & others acceptance
- Good reality perception
- Higher frequency of mystical experiences
- Autonomy
- Philosophical sense of humor
- Creative
What are some other categories of needs?
Aesthetic, cognitive, and neurotic needs
What happens if cognitive needs are blocked?
Conative needs are also blocked, people can fulfill their conative needs with knowledge (knowing how to secure food, for example)
What do neurotic needs lead to?
Pathology
What is expressive behavior?
a person’s mode of expression (smiles, gestures, etc.) that is unconscious and takes place naturally
What is coping behavior?
An individual’s attempts to cope with the environment. It’s unconscious, learned, and always motivated by a deficit need
Deprivation of needs leads to what?
Pathology
Deprivation of self-actualized needs leads to what?
Metapathology
What are instinctoid needs?
Needs that are innately determined, even if learning can change the expression of the need.
For example, sex is an innate need, but can be expressed differently depending on what/how someone learned about it
What separates instinctoid needs from noninstinctoid needs?
The level of pathology expressed, instinctoid needs will express pathology if frustrated.
What is B-love?
Love for the essence or “being” of the other. It is love in which nothing is expected in return
What is D-love?
Deficiency love, love in which you need someone to fulfill a need
What is metapathology?
Metapathology occurs when self-fullfillment needs are deprived. It results in the absence of values and loss of meaning in life.
Maslow was most influenced by who?
Harry Harlow
A person who has never received love is likely to what?
devalue it
Basic anxiety is experienced when?
When people fail to satisfy safety needs
What needs are nonproductive
neurotic needs
Someone who experienced some love experiences what?
A strong desire for love
What is the Jonah complex?
The fear of being your best self. Blocks self-actualization.
What did Maslow feel towards his mother?
Hatred
How is self-actualization measured?
using the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI)
What are Maslow’s 5 basic assumptions about motivation?
- The whole organism is motivated at any one time
- Motivation is complex
- People are continually motivated by one need or another
- People in different cultures are motivated by the same basic needs
- The basic needs can be arranged in a hierarchy
