Chapter 9: Joints Flashcards

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1
Q

What is another name for a joint? What does it describe?

A

Articulation. The point of contact between two bones, bone and cartilage, or bone and teeth.

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2
Q

Arthro-

A

Joint

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3
Q

What type of joint allows little to no movement?

A

Fibrous joints

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4
Q

What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

A

Sutures, Syndesmoses, and Gomphosis

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5
Q

What type of joint is the skull made of?

A

Fibrous joints called sutures

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6
Q

What does synarthrosis mean?

A

A joint with little to no movement.

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7
Q

What joint connects your jaw to teeth?

A

Fibrous joints called Gomphrosis. Concical pegs fit into sockets like the socket of a tooth.

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8
Q

What type of joint connects the Tibia and Fibula?

A

Fibrous joints called syndesmoses. It’s the sheen of connective tissue that connects the tibia to the fibula

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9
Q

What two joints don’t contain a synovial cavity?

A

Cartilaginous and Fibrous joints

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10
Q

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

A

Synchondroses and Symphyses

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11
Q

Which cartilaginous joint contains hyaline cartilage?

A

Synchondroses joints.

Ex: manumbrium of the sternum to the first ribs.

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12
Q

What are Symphyses joints and where are they located?

A

A broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage.
Located within the vertebrae and between the pubic portions of the pelvic girdle.

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13
Q

What joints are considered to be “freely moveable”?

A

Synovial joints

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14
Q

What covers the bone ends of a synovial joint?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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15
Q

What surrounds a synovial joint and forms the synovial cavity?

A

Articular capsule

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16
Q

What are the two layers of the articular capsule in a synovial joint?

A

Inner: synovial membrane
Outer: Fibrous capsule

17
Q

What is the purpose of synovial fluid?

A

Lubricates and nourishes joint surfaces

18
Q

What shape is the meniscus?

A

Articular disc

19
Q

What do bursae help reduce?

A

Friction in or on joints that is caused by movement.

20
Q

What is a tendon sheath?

A

A tube like bursa that wraps around tendons helps reduce friction on tendons that pass through synovial cavities

21
Q

A decrease in the angle of articulating bones.
I.e. bending your arm at the elbow

A

Flexion

22
Q

An increase in the angle of articulating bones

A

Extension

23
Q

A continuation of extension beyond normal anatomical position

A

Hyperextension

24
Q

The movement of a bone away from the midline
I.e. lifting your arm up

A

Abduction

25
Q

The movement of a bone toward the midline
I.e. lowering your arm

A

Adduction

26
Q

What is circumduction

A

Movement of the distal end of a body part in a circle

27
Q

What is the midline for the hand? What is the midline for the foot?

A

Middle finger
Second toe

28
Q

What is it called when a bone revolves along its own longitudinal axis?

A

Rotation

29
Q

The movement of the thumb across the palm at the carpometacarpal joint to touch the tips of the other fingers is called what?

A

Opposition

30
Q

Compare/ contrast Circumduction and rotation

A

Circumduction requires movement in more than one plane of motion for the distal end of a body part to move.
Rotation is the revolution of one body part on its own longitudinal axis

31
Q

What is damage to a joint that tears ligaments, but does not dislocate bones?

A

A sprain

32
Q

A displacement of a bone from a joint

A

A displacement of a bone from a joint

33
Q

A degenerative disorder of synovial joints where articular cartilage is gradually lost.

A

Osteoarthritis

34
Q

An autoimmune disorder where the body attacks its own tissues

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

35
Q

A disorder associated with the build of up Uric acid

A

Gout or gouty arthritis