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Forensics > Chapter 9 - Forensic Anthropology > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Forensic Anthropology Flashcards

1
Q

Allometric Relationship

A

Relationship of the size of a bone to the overall physical stature.

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2
Q

Antemortem

A

Before death

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3
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front

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4
Q

Anthropology

A

Study of the physical, cultural, and social organization of humans.

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5
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A
  • Portion of the skeleton that includes limbs and points of attachment
  • Arms, legs, shoulder, pelvis
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6
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Portion of the skeleton that includes spine and head.

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7
Q

Archeology

A

Study of past human life (includes examination of remaining physical evidence).

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8
Q

Beveling

A

When the bone appears as a concave crater.

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9
Q

Biological Profile

A
  • Description of the biological properties of a person
  • Stature, age, sex, ancestry, medical history
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10
Q

Blunt Force Truama

A
  • Injury that occurs from a forceful strike
  • Does not penetrate the skin
  • May cause bruising
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11
Q

Bone

A
  • Provide support for the body
  • Primarily made-up of calcium and collagen
  • Classified into: long, short, flat, sesamoid, irregular
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12
Q

Cartilage

A
  • Tough, flexible connective tissue
  • Line the joints
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13
Q

Collagen

A
  • Smooth slippery substance
  • Allows for bones to glide past each other smoothly
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14
Q

Co-mingled Remains

A

Remains from more than one individual mixed together at a site.

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15
Q

Compact Bone

A

Dense part of the bone made-up of a hard matrix

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16
Q

Crest

A

Raised or prominent part of the edge of a bone.

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17
Q

Deciduous Teeth

A

Baby teeth

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18
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

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19
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of a long bone

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20
Q

Distal

A
  • Part of the body further away from the center
  • Ex: fingers are distal to shoulders
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21
Q

Endoskeleton

A

Internal skeleton

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22
Q

Epiphysis

A

Part of a bone naturally separated from the main body of the bone.

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23
Q

Facial Resconstruction

A

Creation of an estimate of the face of a person based off of their skeletal remains.

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24
Q

Foramen

A

Opening in a bone

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25
Q

Hematoma

A

Blood clot in an organ, tissue, or other body space.

26
Q

Hydroxyapatite

A
  • Form of calcium phosphate
  • Primary component of bone
27
Q

Hyoid Bone

A
  • Small, U-shaped bone on the neck
  • Supports muscles of the tongue
  • Broken during strangulation
28
Q

Inferior/Caudal

A

Lower

29
Q

Lateral

A
  • Side/part of the body that is away from the middle
  • Ex: arms are lateral to the torso; torso is medial to the arms
30
Q

Ligaments

A

Tissue that connects bones to bones

31
Q

Longitudinal

A

From head to foot

32
Q

Marrow

A
  • Soft tissue inside the bone
  • Responsible for RBC production
33
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

34
Q

Metaphysis

A
  • Lies between diaphysis and epiphysis
  • At the end of long bones
35
Q

Morphology

A

Form/structure of an object

36
Q

Ossification

A
  • Process of bone formation
  • Primarily from calcification of soft tissue
37
Q

Ossification

A
  • Process of bone formation
  • Primarily from calcification of soft tissue
38
Q

Calcification

A

Hardening of tissues/other materials into calcium

39
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Disease resulting from the chronic breakdown of cartilage in the joints

40
Q

Osteocyte Cells

A

Mature bone cells

41
Q

Osteometry

A

Process of measuring bones

42
Q

Perimortem

A

At/about the time of death

43
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Rear

44
Q

Postmortem

A

After death

45
Q

Process

A

Projection of tissue from a larger body

46
Q

Proximal

A

Near the center of the body

47
Q

Remodeling Bone

A

Process of reshaping bones by resorption and deposition of new boney material

48
Q

Sagittal

A

From front to back

49
Q

Sexual Dimorphism

A

Differences in shapes or structures between male and female bodies

50
Q

Sharp Force Truama

A
  • Injury that occurs from a penetrating object
  • Breaks the skin
51
Q

Sinus

A

Small hollow spaces in the bone around the nose

52
Q

Spongy Bone

A

The more open, porous bony tissue that makes up the inner portions of a bone

53
Q

Superficial

A

Towards the surface

54
Q

Superior/Cranial

A

Upper

55
Q

Suture

A

Line where two bones come together

56
Q

Symphysis Pubis

A

Front point of connection between the two hip bones

57
Q

Taphonomy

A
  • Study of how remains decay and are moved, distributed, or disturbed after death
  • Examines how the environment is affected by remains
58
Q

Tendons

A

Tissue that connects muscles to bones

59
Q

Yellow Marrow

A
  • Found in the long bones
  • Contains stem cells that can become cartilage, fat, or bone cells
60
Q

Red Marrow

A
  • Mostly found at the end of bones
  • Makes RBC’s, platlets, and most WBC’s

Forensics (19 decks)

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