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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9: Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

endocrine system

A

pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, pineal gland, thymus glands, ovaries and testes

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2
Q

master gland

A

pituitary gland

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3
Q

pancreat.o

A

pancreas

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4
Q

thyr/o, throid/o

A

thyroid gland

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5
Q

thym/o

A

thymus gland

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6
Q

aden.o

A

gland

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7
Q

adren/o, adrenal/o

A

adrenal glands

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8
Q

toxic/o, tox/o

A

poison

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9
Q

gluc/o, glyc/o, glycos/o

A

sugar, sweetness

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10
Q

home/o

A

same, alike

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11
Q

calc/o

A

calcium

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12
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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13
Q

opthalm/o

A

eye

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14
Q

-dipsia

A

thirst

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15
Q

-emia

A

blood

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16
Q

-genesis

A

forming, producing, origin

17
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

18
Q

graves disease

A

exopthalmos, common form of hyperthyroidism, enlarged thyroid (goiter)

19
Q

cushing syndrome

A

hypersection of adrenal cortex - round, moon-shape dface

20
Q

ACTH

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

21
Q

acromegaly

A

hypersecretion of GH during adulthood, enlargment of facial features, jaws, hands, feet

22
Q

gigantism

A

hypersecretion og GH during childhood

23
Q

dwarfism

A

hyposecretion of GH during childhood

24
Q

hypophysectomy

A

surgery to remove pituitary gland

25
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

high glucose, defect in insulin secretion or action

26
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

insulin dependent, inability of pancreas to produce enough insulin

27
Q

type 2

A

non-insulin dependent, common in overweight pts because fat interferes with body’s ability to produce insulin

28
Q

myxedema

A

advanced hypothyroidism in adults causing edema and increased blood pressure

29
Q

fasting blood glucose (FBG)

A

measures blood glucose levels following a fast of at least 8 hours

30
Q

glucose tolerance test (GTT)

A

measure blood glucose levels at regular intervals (3 hours)

31
Q

radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)

A

pill or liquid used as tracer to test how quickly thyroid gland uptakes iodine from blood

32
Q

thyroid function test (TFT)

A

detects increase or decrease in thyroid function, measures levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4)

33
Q

transphenoidal hypophysectomy

A

remove pituitary tumor

34
Q

thymectomy

A

excision of thymunc gland, remove tumors, tx of myasthenia gravis (MG)

35
Q

rapid absorption sites for insulin

A

abdomen and upper arm and thigh

36
Q

slow absorption sites for insulin

A

subcutaneous fat and hip and glutes

37
Q

HRT

A

hormone replacement therapy

38
Q

oral hypoglycemics

A

stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic cells in type 2 diabetes

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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