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Medical Terminology > Chapter 8: Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Reproductive Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

female reproductive system

A

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, vulva, mammary glands

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2
Q

ovaries

A

production of estrogen, progesterone

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3
Q

fimbria

A

fingerlike projections in fallopian tubes that propel ovum into oviduct

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4
Q

vulva

A

external structures: labio majora, labia minora

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5
Q

gestation

A

period from fertilization to birth

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6
Q

parturition

A

process of giving birth

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7
Q

oophor/o, ovari/o

A

ovary

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8
Q

colp/o, vagin/o

A

vagina

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9
Q

hyster/o, uter/o

A

uterus

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10
Q

metr/o

A

uterus (womb), measure

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11
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix

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12
Q

salping/o

A

tube, fallopian or eustachian

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13
Q

mamm/o, mast/o

A

breast

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14
Q

vulv/o, episi/o

A

vulva

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15
Q

nat/o

A

birth

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16
Q

galact/o, lact/o

A

milk

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17
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

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18
Q

men/i, menses

A

menstruation

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19
Q

-arche

A

beginning

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20
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

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21
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant woman

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22
Q

-para

A

to bear

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23
Q

-salpinx

A

tube, fallopian or eustachian

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24
Q

-tocia

A

childbirth, labor

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25
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

fertilized ovum implants and grows in places other than uterine cavity

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26
Q

blockage of fallopian tubes often due to

A

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

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27
Q

HRT

A

hormone replacement therapy

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28
Q

lumpectomy

A

excision of small primary breast tumor and some normal tissue that surrounds it

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29
Q

modified radical mastectomy

A

excision of entire breast including lymph nodes (axillary dissection)

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30
Q

endometriosis

A

growth of endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus

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31
Q

OCPs

A

oral contraceptives

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32
Q

pain during sexual intercourse

A

dyspareunia

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33
Q

severe pain during menstruation

A

dysmenorrhea

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34
Q

curet

A

instrument used to scape endometrium during a D&C

35
Q

fistula

A

abnormal connection or passageway between two organs or vessels that do not normally connect

36
Q

gametes

A

reproductive cells

37
Q

retroversion

A

state of being turned back or a tipping

38
Q

sterility

A

inability to become pregnant or impregnate

39
Q

laproscopy

A

visual examination of abdominal cavity with a laparoscope

40
Q

colposcopy

A

examination of cervix, vagina, and vulva with a colposcope

41
Q

hysterosalpingography

A

radiography and fluoroscopy of uterus and uterine tubes

42
Q

mammography

A

radiography of breast to detect tumors, cysts, microcalcifications, and locate malignant lesion

43
Q

pap test

A

detects abnormal cells in cervix and vagina

44
Q

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

45
Q

cerclage

A

sutures used to close cervix: prevent premature birth, decrease chance of spontaneous abortion

46
Q

amniocentesis

A

transabdominal puncture of amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance to remove amniotic fluid

47
Q

subtotal hysterectomy

A

cervix not removed

48
Q

total hysterectomy

A

cervix removed

49
Q

total hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingooophorectomy

A

uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries removed

50
Q

transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap

A

surgical creation of skin flap using skin and fat from lower half of abdomen - shaped and sutured to look like a breast

51
Q

ERT

A

estrogen replacement therapy

52
Q

male reproductive system

A

testes, epididymus, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct, prostate gland, penis

53
Q

testes

A

located in scrotum, produce sperm, secrete testosterone

54
Q

epididymus

A

located on top of testes, storage for sperm before ejaculation

55
Q

prostate gland

A

produces alkaline fluid that promotes sperm motility

56
Q

bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)

A

secrete thick mucus that acts as lubricant during sexual stimulation

57
Q

andr/o

A

male

58
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

59
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

60
Q

epididym/o

A

epididymus

61
Q

vas/o

A

vessel, vas deferens, duct

62
Q

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o

A

testis, plural testes

63
Q

vesicul/o

A

seminal vesicle

64
Q

perine/o

A

perineum (area between scrotum/vulva and anus

65
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads, sex glands

66
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

67
Q

spermat/o, sperm/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

68
Q

varic/i

A

dilated vein

69
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

overproliferation or cells within inner portion of prostate; enlargening hyperplastic portion of prostate obstructs urinary outflow

70
Q

prostatocytitis

A

inflammation of prostate gland and bladder

71
Q

pyelonephritis

A

infection of renal pelvis and kidney

72
Q

circumcision

A

removal of all or part of foreskin (prepuce)

73
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

inability to achiee or maintain erection dufficient for sexual intercourse

74
Q

hydrocele

A

painless accumulation of serous fluid in sac that contains testes, usually due to malabsorption of serous fluid

75
Q

hypospadias

A

malformation in which urethra opens on underside of penic

76
Q

epispadias

A

malformation in which urethra opens on dorsum of penis

77
Q

digital rectal examinatino

A

examination of prostate by finger palpation

78
Q

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

A

blood test to screen for prostate cancer

79
Q

transurethral ultrasound and biopsy of prostate

A

ultrasound probe to obtain images of prostate and collect needle biopsy specimens

80
Q

urography

A

prcoess of recording urinary tract

81
Q

vesicoprostatic

A

pertaining to bladder and prostate gland

82
Q

transurethral resection of penis (TURP)

A

relieves obstruction caused by prostatic hyperplasia

83
Q

gonadotropins

A

hormonal preparation used to increase sperm count

84
Q

spermicides

A

birth control that destroys sperm

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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