Chapter 8: Reproductive Systems Flashcards
female reproductive system
ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, vulva, mammary glands
ovaries
production of estrogen, progesterone
fimbria
fingerlike projections in fallopian tubes that propel ovum into oviduct
vulva
external structures: labio majora, labia minora
gestation
period from fertilization to birth
parturition
process of giving birth
oophor/o, ovari/o
ovary
colp/o, vagin/o
vagina
hyster/o, uter/o
uterus
metr/o
uterus (womb), measure
cervic/o
cervix
salping/o
tube, fallopian or eustachian
mamm/o, mast/o
breast
vulv/o, episi/o
vulva
nat/o
birth
galact/o, lact/o
milk
gynec/o
woman, female
men/i, menses
menstruation
-arche
beginning
-cyesis
pregnancy
-gravida
pregnant woman
-para
to bear
-salpinx
tube, fallopian or eustachian
-tocia
childbirth, labor
ectopic pregnancy
fertilized ovum implants and grows in places other than uterine cavity
blockage of fallopian tubes often due to
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
lumpectomy
excision of small primary breast tumor and some normal tissue that surrounds it
modified radical mastectomy
excision of entire breast including lymph nodes (axillary dissection)
endometriosis
growth of endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus
OCPs
oral contraceptives
pain during sexual intercourse
dyspareunia
severe pain during menstruation
dysmenorrhea
curet
instrument used to scape endometrium during a D&C
fistula
abnormal connection or passageway between two organs or vessels that do not normally connect
gametes
reproductive cells
retroversion
state of being turned back or a tipping
sterility
inability to become pregnant or impregnate
laproscopy
visual examination of abdominal cavity with a laparoscope
colposcopy
examination of cervix, vagina, and vulva with a colposcope
hysterosalpingography
radiography and fluoroscopy of uterus and uterine tubes
mammography
radiography of breast to detect tumors, cysts, microcalcifications, and locate malignant lesion
pap test
detects abnormal cells in cervix and vagina
D&C
dilation and curettage
cerclage
sutures used to close cervix: prevent premature birth, decrease chance of spontaneous abortion
amniocentesis
transabdominal puncture of amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance to remove amniotic fluid
subtotal hysterectomy
cervix not removed
total hysterectomy
cervix removed
total hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingooophorectomy
uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries removed
transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap
surgical creation of skin flap using skin and fat from lower half of abdomen - shaped and sutured to look like a breast
ERT
estrogen replacement therapy
male reproductive system
testes, epididymus, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct, prostate gland, penis
testes
located in scrotum, produce sperm, secrete testosterone
epididymus
located on top of testes, storage for sperm before ejaculation
prostate gland
produces alkaline fluid that promotes sperm motility
bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)
secrete thick mucus that acts as lubricant during sexual stimulation
andr/o
male
prostat/o
prostate gland
balan/o
glans penis
epididym/o
epididymus
vas/o
vessel, vas deferens, duct
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o
testis, plural testes
vesicul/o
seminal vesicle
perine/o
perineum (area between scrotum/vulva and anus
gonad/o
gonads, sex glands
crypt/o
hidden
spermat/o, sperm/o
spermatozoa, sperm cells
varic/i
dilated vein
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
overproliferation or cells within inner portion of prostate; enlargening hyperplastic portion of prostate obstructs urinary outflow
prostatocytitis
inflammation of prostate gland and bladder
pyelonephritis
infection of renal pelvis and kidney
circumcision
removal of all or part of foreskin (prepuce)
erectile dysfunction
inability to achiee or maintain erection dufficient for sexual intercourse
hydrocele
painless accumulation of serous fluid in sac that contains testes, usually due to malabsorption of serous fluid
hypospadias
malformation in which urethra opens on underside of penic
epispadias
malformation in which urethra opens on dorsum of penis
digital rectal examinatino
examination of prostate by finger palpation
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
blood test to screen for prostate cancer
transurethral ultrasound and biopsy of prostate
ultrasound probe to obtain images of prostate and collect needle biopsy specimens
urography
prcoess of recording urinary tract
vesicoprostatic
pertaining to bladder and prostate gland
transurethral resection of penis (TURP)
relieves obstruction caused by prostatic hyperplasia
gonadotropins
hormonal preparation used to increase sperm count
spermicides
birth control that destroys sperm
