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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6: Digestive System > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

digestive system consists of

A

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon

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2
Q

accessory organs of digestive system

A

liver, gallbladder, pancreas

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3
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

allows chyme in stomach to pass into small intestine

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4
Q

parts of small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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5
Q

villi

A

projections in small intestine that absorb nutrients into bloodstream

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6
Q

liver

A

makes blood proteins, destroys old RBCs, removes toxins from blood, creates bile for fat digestion, stores and releases glycogen

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7
Q

gall bladder

A

stores and releases bile from liver

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8
Q

pancreas

A

produces enzymes for digestion; secretes insulin and glucagon

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9
Q

or/o, stomat/o

A

mouth

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10
Q

dent/o, odont/o

A

teeth

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11
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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12
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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13
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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14
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

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15
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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16
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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17
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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18
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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19
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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20
Q

chol/e

A

bile, gall

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21
Q

choledoch/o

A

bile duct

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22
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

23
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

24
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

25
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

26
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon

27
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

28
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

29
Q

an/o

A

anus

30
Q

proct/o

A

anus, rectum

31
Q

dia/rrhea

A

discharge, flow through

32
Q

an/orexia

A

without appetite

33
Q

dys/phagia

A

swallowing or eating that is painful/difficult

34
Q

post/prandial

A

after a meal

35
Q

sub/lingu/al

A

below the tongue

36
Q

hemat/emesis

A

vomiting blood

37
Q

pancreat/oma

A

tumor of pancreas

38
Q

hepato/megaly

A

enlarged liver

39
Q

enter/o/pathy

A

disease of small intsetion

40
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection; pain in RLQ at McBurney’s point

41
Q

sudden spontaneous relief of pain in RLQ indicates

A

rupture appendix

42
Q

diverticulitis

A

acute inflammation of diverticular, pain in LLQ

43
Q

cholelithiasis

A

formation or presence of gallstones in gallbladder and bile duct, pain in RUQ

44
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity

45
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of intestine (colon) maybe caused by irritants, bacteria, protozoa, parasites

46
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passage from one organ to another or from hollow organ to surface

47
Q

hemorrhoid

A

mass of enlarged twisted varicose veins in mucous membrane or just outside rectum (piles)

48
Q

polyp

A

small tumorlike benign growth that projects from mucous membrance surface

49
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of bowel on itself, causing obstruction

50
Q

UGIS

A

upper gastrointestinal series - radiographic images of esophagus, stomach, small intestine after oral ingestion of barium

51
Q

UGIS used to

A

identify ulcers, tumors, obstructions

52
Q

lower gastrointestinal series

A

radiographic images of rectum and colon after barium enema

53
Q

antacids

A

counteract or neutralize acidity

54
Q

antiematics

A

control nausea and vomiting

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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