Chapter 9-Early Church History Flashcards
What were the local places of worship for the Jews?
Synagogues
Who were the non-Jews who heard the Word of God and joined the Jews as proselytes(converts)?
Gentiles
Some Gentiles(non-Jews) heard the Word of God and joined the Jews as:
Proselytes (converts)
What is the Greek word for the “Anointed One”?
Messiah
Who was the local king and deputy of Rome when Jesus Christ was born in Bethlehem?
Herod the Great
Who is the true King of the Jews and Savior of all mankind and was born in Bethlehem of Judaea?
Jesus Christ
Jesus appointed 12 men, ________, to carry on His work of preaching and teaching after his death, resurrection, and ascension.
Apostles
What is a local body or assembly of believers?
Church
The early Christians’ continuing need for order and direction from God was met through the writing of what scriptures?
The New Testament
By what time had all 27 books of the New Testament been written?
A.D. 100
What were the people called who exhibited unconquerable faith and patience in the face of torture and is Greek for “witness”?
Martyrs
Who declared “The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church”?
Tertullian
When did Nero enact the first major persecution by the Romans?
A.D. 64
Who began the first major persecution in A.D. 64?
Nero
God raised up a number of godly and able men to expound on the Scriptures, defend the faith, and champion the cause of Christ. These preachers and teachers were called the:
Church fathers
Prominent among the earliest church writers of the Christian life, thought, and worship development was __________, commended by the apostle Paul in the New Testament.
Clement of Rome
Who were the three men that were pupils of the apostle John?
Ignatius
Polycarp
Papias
Many early Christian writers were _______, those who attempted to reasonably defend Christianity against pagan defamations.
Apologists
Christian apologists of the early church period included what two men?
Aristides
Justin Martyr
Who was the greatest of the apologists?
Justin Martyr
Who was the pupil of Justin Martyr, compiled the first harmony of the Gospels, and in his incisive “Address to the Greeks”, proved the superiority of Christianity over Greek philosophy and religion?
Tatian
Who wrote against Gnosticism in his work, “Against All Heresies”?
Irenaeus
What combined elements of Greek philosophy, oriental religion, and Christian theology into a complex system of error that attacked the very foundations of Christianity?
Gnosticism
Who contended against the heresy of Monarchianism?
Tertullian
What denies the doctrine of trinity?
Monarchianism
Who was a theologian from Alexandria and was perhaps the most learned man in the early church and wrote the first book of systematic theology in the early church?
Origen
Who from Alexandria eloquently and passionately argued for the true deity of Christ at the Council of Nicaea?
Athanasius
Who translated the Scriptures out of Hebrew and Greek into the Latin Vulgate?
Jerome
Jerome translated the Scriptures out of Hebrew and Greek into the:
Latin Vulgate
What two preachers publicly expounded on the Scriptures?
Ambrose
John Chrysostom
Who was the greatest of the church fathers, was the most important figure in church history between the apostle Paul and Martin Luther, and wrote “Confessions”?
Augustine
Augustine’s monumental _________ was the first systematic Christian philosophy of history.
“City of God”
The early Christian wrote statements of their beliefs in the form of _________, or confessions of faith.
Creeds
What was the earliest creed which developed between the second and fifth centuries from the questions asked of new converts at their baptism?
Apostles’ Creed
What creed was adopted by the Council of Nicaea in A.D. 325, rejecting the teaching of Arianism and confessed the true biblical teaching that Jesus Christ is “very God of very God,” coequal, coessential, and coeternal with God the Father?
Nicene Creed
The Nicene Creed was adopted by the:
Council of Nicaea
What is the false doctrine which denied the deity of God?
Arianism
What three church councils completed the work of the Council of Nicaea in affirming the full deity and true humanity of Christ?
Constantinople
Ephesus
Chalcedon
What creed was named after Athanasius, who stood so firmly and courageously for these all-important truths concerning Christ during and after the Council of Nicaea?
Athanasian Creed
Under whose rule did Christianity become the only legal faith, the state religion of the Roman Empire?
Theodosius
Under the pagans, the presbyters became _________, who offered up the Lord’s body and blood as a sacrifice for the living and dead.
Sacerdotes
Who were the elders of the church who, under the pagans, became sacerdotes?
Presbyters
