Chapter 7-Greece:Home Of Beauty

Question 1

The monarch was advised by:

Answer 1

The Council of the Elders

Assembly-a mass meeting where all citizens gathered about the king and the elders to discuss political affairs

Question 2

Definition of aristocracy:

Answer 2

Rule by the “best”

Question 3

Definition of oligarchy:

Answer 3

Rule by the few

Question 4

Definition of tyranny:

Answer 4

Rule by one man who has seized power by rebellion and insurrection.

Question 5

Definition of democracy:

Answer 5

Rule by the many or the common people.

Question 6

The city of Sparta’s chief accomplishment as the formation of:

Answer 6

Peloponnesian League-an alliance with Corinth,Megara,and other cities in the Peloponnesus.

Question 7

Describe the Peloponnesian League.

Answer 7

The Peloponnesian League was an alliance with Corinth,Megara,and other cities in the Peloponnesus.

Question 8

Which Athenian archon was directed to prepare a code of law at about 620 B.C.?

Answer 8

Draco

Question 9

Which Athenian archon was elected in 594 B.C.,and repealed the harsh edicts of Draco?

Answer 9

Solon

Question 10

Only archons in Athens were eligible for:

Answer 10

Court of Areopagus

Question 11

Describe the Court of Areopagus.

Answer 11

This court repealed laws hurtful to state,looked after public morals,and rebuked any person who lived in a manner unworthy of an Athenian.

Question 12

In 586 B.C.,who seized control of the city and became the first tyrant of Athens?

Answer 12

Peisistratus

Question 13

The rugged and mountainous______ extends into the Mediterranean Sea from southeastern Europe.

Answer 13

Balkan Peninsula

Question 14

The two prominent regions of ancient Greece:

Answer 14

Attica and the Peloponnesus

Question 15

The earliest cultures of Europe developed along the shores and on the islands of the Aegean Sea and are known as the:

Answer 15

Aegean Civilization

Question 16

Chief among the Aegean Civilization were:

Answer 16

Minoans-on the island of Crete
Mycenaeans-on the Greek mainland
Trojans-of the city of Troy

Question 17

Definition of monarchy:

Answer 17

Rule by one

Question 18

The Mycenaeans were named for the city of:

Answer 18

Mycenae

Question 19

The Mycenaean culture was invaded between 1100 and 800 B.C. by a new wave of barbarian invaders called:

Answer 19

Dorians

Question 20

Many of the Mycenaeans escaped from the Dorians to Asia Minor and Attica where they became known as:

Answer 20

Ionians

Question 21

The Greeks of classical times who made such great contributions to Western civilization were the:

Answer 21

Hellenes

Question 22

A single poet who has never had such an influence on the thinking of a people as_____on the Greeks. He also wrote Iliad,Odyssey,and invented the Olympian gods.

Answer 22

Homer

Question 23

In 508 B.C.,who emerged as the new champion of the common people,was an aristocrat,and extended citizenship to more of the people and raised membership in the council to 500?

Answer 23

Cleisthenes

Question 24

Athenian democracy was brought to its fullest measure by_______an aristocrat who dominated Athens from 461 to 429 B.C.

Answer 24

Pericles

Question 25

In what kind of democracy do the citizens elect a few men who represent them in the government?

Answer 25

Representative democracy

Question 26

What kind of democracy did Athens have where the citizens made the big decisions of government directly themselves,not indirectly through representatives?

Answer 26

Direct democracy

Question 27

The age of Pericles is often referred to as:

Answer 27

The "Golden Age of Greece"

Question 28

What is ostracism?

Answer 28

Ostracism is where a quorum of citizens could vote to banish for 10 years any person believed to be dangerous to the state.

Question 29

Because it expected more trouble from the Persians,Athens in 478-477 B.C. Formed the_____________.

Answer 29

Delian League

Question 30

War between Sparta and Athens began in______ and lasted until________,with a brief period of peace in between.

Answer 30

431 B.C.-404 B.C.

Question 31

The war between the Greeks and the Athens from 431 B.C.-404 B.C is known as the:

Answer 31

Pelopnnesian War

Question 32

What story recounts the adventures of a brave Greek warrior,__________,on his 10-year journey home after the defeat of Troy.

Answer 32

Odysseus

Question 33

What civilization developed the first important European civilization after the flood?

Answer 33

Minoans

Question 34

Sir Arthur Evans,a British archeologist, uncovered the legendary King______ at_______.

Answer 34

King Minos at Knossos

Question 35

Who was the chief and father of the gods,invented by Homer,who was associated with thunder and lightning?

Answer 35

Zeus

Question 36

Who were the helots?

Answer 36

Spartan slaves

Question 37

Homer's ________ differed from the gods only in being mortal and less powerful.

Answer 37

Heroes

Question 38

In the Iliad,Homer made such heroes as _______,the invincible Greek warrior,come alive.

Answer 38

Achilles

Question 39

Greek tribes and villages joined to form the:

Answer 39

Polis,or city

Question 40

The typical polis of Greece surrounded a hilltop called the:

Answer 40

Acropolis

Question 41

In the shadow of the acropolis stood the _________,a busy concourse of commerce,conversation,and debate.

Answer 41

Agora

Question 42

Most Greek cities had a _______,a place of physical training and games of skill.

Answer 42

Gymnasium

Question 43

Many Greek cities had an ________,an outdoor theatre.

Answer 43

Amphitheater

Question 44

What did the Greeks call people who did not speak Greek and regarded them as inferior?

Answer 44

Barbarians

Question 45

What were the games at which athletes from various city-states met to compete and was held every fourth year in honor of Zeus?

Answer 45

Olympic games

Question 46

When did the Olympic games begin?

Answer 46

776 B.C.

Question 47

What was the period between the Olympics called?

Answer 47

Olympiad

Question 48

On the northern fringes of ancient Greece loomed the kingdom of:

Answer 48

Macedonia

Question 49

In 539 B.C. who became king of Macedonia and was determined to become master of all Greece?

Answer 49

Philip II

Question 50

What famous Athenian orator and statesman urged his fellow Greeks to unite against the Macedonian threat?

Answer 50

Demosthenes

Question 51

When Philip conquered almost all Greece,he did not treat the Greeks as a conquered foe. What league did Philip organize of Greek city-states?

Answer 51

Hellenic League

Question 52

Who assumed the Macedonian thrones age 20 after his father died?

Answer 52

Alexander the Great

Question 53

In what year did King Alexander cross the Hellespont to begin his conquest of the mighty Persian Empire?

Answer 53

334 B.C.

Question 54

What were the names of 16 Greek cities that a king of Macedonia owned?

Answer 54

Alexandria

Question 55

Whose spreading of Greek culture became his most lasting contribution to world history and helped prepare the world for the coming of Jesus Christ?

Answer 55

Alexander the Great

Question 56

After the decisive battle of _____,Alexander's empire was divided among four generals,who declared themselves kings.

Answer 56

Ipsus

Question 57

What three ruling dynasties came out of Alexander's empire?

Answer 57

The Ptolemies-in Egypt The Seleucids-in Syria The Antigonids-in Macedonia and Greece

Question 58

Ancient Greece flourished from the______ to ______,when the Macedonians conquered Greece,often referred to as the Hellenic age.

Answer 58

700s B.C.- 338B.C.

Question 59

Ancient Greece flourished from the 700s B.C. to 338 B.C., this is often referred to as:

Answer 59

The Hellenic Age

Question 60

The Greek philosopher who said,"Man is the measure of all things."

Answer 60

Protagoras

Question 61

What was a well-educated slave that was charged with a school boy's manners and morals called?

Answer 61

Pedagogue

Question 62

Greatest among the Athenian temples is the________, dedicated to Athena, the goddess of Athena.

Answer 62

Parthenon

Question 63

Remembered as the Greek "Father of History", who described the Persian invasions?

Answer 63

Herodotus

Question 64

The first great Greek poet who lived in the early portion of the Hellenic Age and wrote poetry was:

Answer 64

Homer

Question 65

A legendary Greek writer who was a freed slave living in the sixth century B.C., and also introduced the the fable was:

Answer 65

Aesop

Question 66

What is a brief story used to teach a moral and usually it's characters are animals?

Answer 66

Fable

Question 67

Two of the greatest tragedy dramas of classical Greece were:

Answer 67

Oedipus Rex | Antigone

Question 68

The two greatest drama tragedies of classical Greece were written by:

Answer 68

Sophocles

Question 69

Who was the famous comic dramatist who used his plays to satirize political and cultural life in Athens?

Answer 69

Aristophanes

Question 70

The Greeks made important contributions to science,once called:

Answer 70

Natural philosophy

Question 71

Which Greek naturalist discovered important mathematical concepts still used in geometry?

Answer 71

Pythagoras

Question 72

Which Greek naturalist developed a theory that all matter is composed of individual atoms?

Answer 72

Democritus

Question 73

Who was the "Father of Medicine" who conducted experiments and concluded that disease results from rationally explainable causes?

Answer 73

Hippocrates

Question 74

Hippocrates was known for the_______,a high code of ethics still taken by many medical school graduates today.

Answer 74

Hippocratic Oath

Question 75

The Greeks were probably best known for their philosophers called:

Answer 75

Sophists

Question 76

All the Greeks' philosophers were_________,those that believe that there are no absolute truths.

Answer 76

Relativists

Question 77

Who was dissatisfied with the sophists and began searching for absolutes?

Answer 77

Socrates

Question 78

What are ultimate foundational truths?

Answer 78

Absolutes

Question 79

Who was one of Socrates's students,and wrote 30 or more works of philosophy?

Answer 79

Plato

Question 80

In Plato's most famous work_________,he attempted to show how man could have order in society and in his soul.

Answer 80

The Republic

Question 81

Who attempted to find an explanation for the obvious order,design,and purpose in the universe?

Answer 81

Plato

Question 82

Who became student of Plato at 18 years,mastered every field of learning known to the Greeks, and concluded that the order of the universe must have come from God?

Answer 82

Aristotle

Question 83

Which three men ultimately erred and placed man at the center of all things?

Answer 83

Socrates Plato Aristotle

Question 84

The period of nearly 300 years from Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. To the Roman conquest of Egypt,the last remnant of Alexander's empire,in 30 B.C is known as the:

Answer 84

Hellenistic Age

Question 85

Who founded the school of philosophy known as Stoicism?

Answer 85

Zeno

Question 86

Zeno founded the school of philosophy known as:

Answer 86

Stoicism

Question 87

Who taught that the highest good of man was to live a life of calm pleasure regulated by morality,temperance,serenity,and personal development?

Answer 87

Epicurus

Question 88

Who were the followers of Epicurus who came to emphasize indulgence of one's bodily appetites and the physical pleasures of life?

Answer 88

Epicureans

Question 89

Which third century B.C. astronomer proposed that the earth revolves around the sun,a theory not to be espoused by other scientists until centuries later?

Answer 89

Aristarchus of Samos

Question 90

Who systematized the theorems of plane geometry?

Answer 90

Euclid

Question 91

Who was the greatest astronomical observer of antiquity who formulated the basic principles of trigonometry?

Answer 91

Hipparchus

Question 92

Who made important contributions to mathematics,engineering,and physics?

Answer 92

Archimedes

Question 93

Who calculated the circumference of the earth with outstanding accuracy?

Answer 93

Eratosthenes of Cyrene

Question 94

Who was the Greek geographer and historian who lived at the end of the Hellenistic Age,and left behind him a 17-volume "Geography" in which he described all parts of the known world at the beginning of the Christian Era?

Answer 94

Strabo

Question 95

From the eastern form of Greek alphabet developed the__________, used to write such modern Slavic languages as Russian,Bulgarian,and Serbian.

Answer 95

Cyrillic alphabet

Question 96

From the western form came what writing system from the western world?

Answer 96

Latin, or Roman, alphabet

Question 97

The standard Greek literary language underwent some modification and grammatical simplification and became the_______tongue of the eastern Mediterranean.

Answer 97

Koine

Question 98

What Persian king crushed the revolt of the Ionians in 499 B.C. and demanded that the mainland Greeks submit to him?

Answer 98

Darius I

Question 99

Determined not to become part of the Persian empire, what three cities refused king Darius's demands?

Answer 99

Athens Eretria Sparta

Question 100

What war began when King Darius sent a fleet of 600 ships with 2500 men to Greece?

Answer 100

Greco-Persian wars

Question 101

When did the Greco-Persian wars begin?

Answer 101

490 B.C.

Question 102

After defeating Eretria, the Persians landed at:

Answer 102

Marathon

Question 103

Ten years after the battle of Marathon, which Persian king determined to conquer Greece?

Answer 103

Xerxes I,Darius's son

Question 104

The Persian hordes met the Greeks in 480 B.C. at_________, a narrow mountain pass in central Greece near the Aegean Sea.

Answer 104

Thermopylae

Question 105

After hearing of a treachery,the Spartan leader_______ ordered most of his troops to withdraw.

Answer 105

Leonidas

Question 106

When the Persians arrived in Athens, they found that the citizens had been evacuated to the island of:

Answer 106

Salamis

Question 107

What brilliant Athenian tricked Xerxes into fighting a naval battle in the narrow strait between the mainland and the island of Salamis?

Answer 107

Themistocles

Question 108

What was the first major naval battle in history?

Answer 108

Battle of Salamis

Question 109

After the battle of Salamis, the Persian emperor retreated with most of his army;the rest remained in Greece until defeated at the battle of _______.

Answer 109

Plataea

Question 110

When was the battle of Plataea?

Answer 110

479 B.C.

Question 111

What was considered a turning point in world history?

Answer 111

Xerxes' defeat in Greece