Chapter 17-France: The Road to Revolution Flashcards
Who was the cardinal who ruled for Louis XIV, who was the son of Cardinal Richelieu?
Mazarin
What did Louis XIV say that meant “I am the state” that meant he was “it”?
L’etat, c’est moi (lay ta sey mua)
Louis XIV established one of the first of what kind of government?
Bureaucratic
What does Bureaucracy literally mean?
“Government by men who sit at desks”
What kind of kings were those who expected unconditional obedience to their authority?
Authoritarian
What was the era when European monarchs reached their height in power because several monarchs aspired to have absolute power?
Age of Absolutism
What kind of monarchs have total power over every area of the people’s individual lives?
Totalitarian
What was one of the great works of architecture that King Louis XIV had built, and with its Hall of Mirrors, tapestry, chandeliers, and frequent formal occasions, offered much entertainment to keep the aristocracy occupied?
Palace of Versailles
Who was Louis XIV’s minister of finance who mobilized the country’s economic resources?
Jean Baptiste Colbert
Who was the man known as “the father of New France,” who founded Quebec?
Samuel de Champlain
When did Samuel de Champlain found Quebec?
1608
In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded _____________, the first permanent French colony in America.
Quebec
Who were the two frenchmen who explored the central Mississippi River?
Jacques Marquette
Louis Joliet
Who was the man who claimed the Mississippi Valley for France?
Cavalier de la Salle
France claimed Canada, the Great Lakes region, and the Mississippi Valley as:
“New France”
Who was the son of Louis XIII, who was five years when his father died, and became known as the “Sun King,” and was the epitome of an absolute ruler, and his reign of over 70 years was one of the longest reign of any king in history?
Louis XIV
When Europe realized the Louis XIV’s actions threatened the rest of Europe, several European nations in 1686 formed a coalition against France known as the _____________, which consisted mainly of England, the Dutch Republic, the Holy Roman Empire, and several other German states.
League of Augsburg
What war broke out in 1688 where the French won several battles but could not defeat so many enemies at once, and was resolved with the Treaty of Ryswick?
War of the League of Augsburg
What did King Louis XIV sign in 1697, which established the “status quo ante bellum” (existing state before the war), after the War of the League of Augsburg?
Treaty of Ryswick
What was the most costly war of Louis XIV’s reign when Louis accepted King Philip of Spain’s claim to the Spanish throne, and war erupted in 1702 between France and an alliance including England, the Dutch Republic, and Austria?
War of the Spanish Succession
What was the most notable victory for England against the French in the War of the Spanish Succession along the Danube River in 1704?
Battle of Blenheim
The War of the Spanish Succession ended in 1713 with the signing of the ______________, a series of agreements among the warring nations.
Treaty of Utrecht
The Treaty of Utrecht established a lot including the _____________ concept-an idea that no nation should be too strong or weak.
Balance of power
What age in France began what was also known as a new “dark age” for France, that was a movement that attempted to apply unaided human philosophy to all areas of man’s life in order to establish a new social order?
Age of Enlightenment
Who was one of the most influential Enlightenment philosophers who was called “the Father of the Enlightenment,” and elevated the philosophy of rationalism?
Voltaire
What is the idea that man’s reason is the sole criterion for truth?
Rationalism
Who was an influential philosopher of the Enlightenment, was called “the Father of French Romanticism,” and developed the philosophy of romanticism?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
What is the philosophy developed by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, which exalted man’s emotions and imagination as the basis for truth, and advocated a “return to nature”?
Romanticism
Who was an important figure of the Enlightenment, was the editor of the Encyclopedia, a multivolume work that was an attempt to reorganize all human knowledge from the perspective of rationalism?
Denis Diderot
Who was the grandson of Louis XIV who inherited the throne when Louis XIV died in 1715, was a weak ruler, was more interested in personal pleasure than he was in governing the country, but realized that the system of government was in deep trouble, and said: “Après moi le déluge”-“After me the deluge”?
Louis XV
