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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9: Blood and lymphatic system > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Blood and lymphatic system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Auto-

A

self

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2
Q

Append/o

A

vermiform appendix, that which is added

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3
Q

axill/o

A

armpit

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4
Q

bas/o

A

base, bottom

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5
Q

Cervic/o

A

neck, cervix

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6
Q

Cyt/o

A

cell

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7
Q

Eosin/o

A

Rosy-colored

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8
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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9
Q

Hem/o

A

blood

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10
Q

Humor/o

A

Liquid

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11
Q

Humer/o

A

humerus

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12
Q

Immun/o

A

Safety, protection

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13
Q

Inguin/o

A

groin

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14
Q

Inter-

A

between

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15
Q

-kine

A

movement

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16
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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17
Q

leukocyt/o

A

white blood cells

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18
Q

lymphaden/o

A

lymphangi/o

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19
Q

mediastin/o

A

morph/o

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20
Q

non-

A

not

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21
Q

-penia

A

deficiency condition

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22
Q

Phag/o

A

to eat, swallow

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23
Q

Pyr/o

A

fire, fever

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24
Q

sider/o

A

iron

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25
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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26
Q

thromb/o

A

clotting, clot

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27
Q

thym/o

A

thymus gland, mind

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28
Q

WBC

A

White blood cell count

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29
Q

PTT

A

Partial thromboplastin time- tests to detect hemophillia

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30
Q

PT

A

Prothrombin time, tests how long it takes for clot formation

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31
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus- turns into aids, sexually transmitted or by bodily fluid

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32
Q

Hgb

A

Hemoglobin

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33
Q

MCHC

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration- measures hemoglobin in RBCs to see if pt will respond to anemia treatment

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34
Q

morph/o

A

shape, form

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35
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

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36
Q

ELISA “ELSA”

A

Tests for HIV

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37
Q

Diff Count

A

Tests for different types of white blood cells

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38
Q

CBC

A

Complete Blood Cell count

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39
Q

A1c

A

Tests the blood sugar in diabetics

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40
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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41
Q

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

A

advances from HIV, transmitted thru bodily fluids

42
Q

Allergy

A

Hyper sensitivity to something like pollen, etc.

43
Q

Anabolism

A

building up substances

44
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Extreme allergic reaction, tongue swells, throat closes

45
Q

Antibody

A

Neutralizers made by lymphocytes

46
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign substance recognized and attacked by lymphs

47
Q

Aplastic Anemia

A

When the bone marrow is not working very well, reduces RBC production

48
Q

Major lymph nodes

A

Axillary, Cervical, Inguinal, Mediastinal

49
Q

Artificial active acquired immunity

A

from vaccination/immunization, intentional exposure to weakened form of antigen

50
Q

Artificial passive acquired immunity

A

Harvested donor antibodies injected “immunoglobulins”

51
Q

Autoimmune disease

A

condition where a patient’s T-cells attack their own cells causing tissue and organ damage

52
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic

A

Anemia caused by the body’s destruction of its own RBCs by serum antibodies

53
Q

Autoimmunity

A

system of immune responses of an organism against its own cells and tissues

54
Q

Catabolism

A

breaking down substances

55
Q

Chronic blood loss

A

Bleeding long term; may lead to anemia. possibly from ulcer

56
Q

chyme

A

gastric juices and hydrochloric acid for food digestion

57
Q

coagulation

A

The process of changing a liquid to a solid

58
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

59
Q

cytokine

A

chemical messengers of cells

60
Q

Dyscrasia

A

“Bad mixture” diseases of blood or bone marrow

61
Q

Edema

A

ExcessFluid in the tissues

62
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells, live for approximately 120 days

63
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Hormone produced by kidney that stimulate hematopoiesis in the red bone marrow

64
Q

Folate Deficiency

A

Anemia as a result of lack of folate from dietary, drug induced, congenital, etc

65
Q

Hematocrit (Hct)

A

Tests for percentage of RBCs in blood

66
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Formation of blood

67
Q

Hemoglobin

A

protein in RBCs that carry oxygen from lungs to body tissues. “Food supply and garbage dump”

68
Q

Hemolysis

A

Breaking down blood cells

69
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

group of anemias caused by destruction of RBCs

70
Q

Hemophillia

A

inability to clot

71
Q

hemosiderin

A

iron pigment left over from an erythrocyte after hemolysis

72
Q

hemostasis

A

Control of blood flow (stopping the bleeding)

73
Q

homeostasis

A

Steady state, balancing act of the body systems

74
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Deficient volume of circulating blood

75
Q

Infection

A

Inflammation caused by a pathogen

76
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid

77
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells WBC’S

78
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Abnormal increase in WBCs

79
Q

Leukopenia

A

Abnormal decrease in WBCs

80
Q

Lymphedema

A

Swelling from accumulated lymphatic fluid by obstruction, removal, or hypoplasia of lymph vessels

81
Q

Lymphokine

A

Chemical messengers of lymphocytes/b cell/t cell

82
Q

Macrophage

A

Eat pathogens in phagocytosis

83
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between the lungs- mediastinal – major lymph node

84
Q

Metabolism

A

Anabolism+catabolism. Act of converting energy by continually building up substances and breaking down substances

85
Q

Mononucleosis

A

Increase in # of mononuclear cells (monocytes/lymphocytes) in blood caused by Epstein-barr virus EBV

86
Q

Natural active acquired immunity

A

The antibodies are come across naturally from secondary exposure

87
Q

Natural Passive acquired immunity

A

Antibodies acquired through placenta or breastmilk

88
Q

Neutropenia

A

Abnormal decrease in neutrophils due to disease process

89
Q

Nonautoimmune hemolytic

A

Anemia that may be drug induced or caused by disease, RBCs are destroyed

90
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

When there are issues with B12 in body

91
Q

Phagocytosis

A

(neutrophils) combat bacteria “Eat/swallowing cell”

92
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid part of blood where cells reside

93
Q

Polycythemia vera

A

Chronic increase in RBCs and hemoglobin concentration not from another condition

94
Q

Purpura

A

Purple” blood that has gone into the tissues, hemorrhage in tissues

95
Q

Pyrexia

A

Medical term for fever

96
Q

Serum

A

Plasma without the clotting proteins

97
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Blood cells are c-shaped so they stick together and clump and get caught. Painful.

98
Q

Sideropenia

A

Reduced # of healthy RBCs because of chronic blood loss, inadequate iron intake, or unspecified causes

99
Q

Thalessemia

A

Group of inherited disorders resulting from decrease in synthesis of hemoglobin, resulting in decreased production and increased destruction of RBCS

100
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Clotting cell, “platelets”

101
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Deficiency of platelets causing inability to clot

102
Q

Tuberculosis

A

TB- airborne disease, serious infectious bacterial disease- affects lungs

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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